五轴加工中心多维力随动加载模拟实验平台设计  

Design of a simulation experimental platform of a multidimensional force tracking-loading simulator for a five-axis machining center

作　　者：王仙超 王军见 孙江宏[1,4] 李辉 李乃峥 WANG Xianchao;WANG Junjian;SUN Jianghong;LI Hui;LI Naizheng(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing Information Science and Technology University,Beijing 100192,China;College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,China;China National Machine Tool Quality Supervision Testing Center,Beijing 100102,China;Institute of Mechatronic Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Institute of Railway Construction,China Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京信息科技大学机电工程学院,北京100192 [2]重庆大学机械与运载工程学院,重庆400030 [3]国家机床质量监督检验中心,北京100102 [4]清华大学机械电子工程研究所,北京100084 [5]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100089

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2025年第1期184-190,共7页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：2019年产业技术基础公共服务平台项目(0714EMTC000898)。

摘　　要：针对数控机床可靠性实验装置加载维度不足、难以工程化应用等问题,该文设计了五轴加工中心多维力随动加载模拟实验平台。通过开展多维力随动加载模拟实验,分析不同主轴转速、橡胶圈厚度、切削深度对圆锥台试件切削加工过程中所受切削力的影响规律,验证了该实验平台的可行性及多维加载能力。实验结果表明在稳定切削阶段,综合切削力随着橡胶圈厚度增大而减小,随切削深度增大而增大,切削深度与橡胶圈厚度的比值过大或过小,均易引起切削力波动。当主轴转速为1000 r/min、橡胶圈厚度为3 mm时,五轴加工中心所受综合切削力波动最小,是加载实验最佳的橡胶圈厚度。[Objective]Although computer numerical control(CNC)machine tools have made substantial advancements in speed,accuracy,multiaxis linkage,composite functions,and intelligence,they still face challenges with high failure rates and poor functional retention,which hinder industry progress.In particular,five-axis machining centers excel in complex surface machining owing to their high degrees of freedom,complex structure,and high degree of technical integration,along with variable working conditions,resulting in a high failure rate.Therefore,studying the reliability of five-axis machining centers is crucial for overcoming these challenges.[Methods]This study addresses the challenges of limited loading dimensions and difficult engineering applications in the reliability testing of CNC machine tools.It presents the design of a multidimensional force tracking-loading simulator specifically for five-axis machining centers,along with the development of an experimental platform.The main body of the simulator includes a tool bearing,conical test piece,and super elastomer rubber ring.The rubber ring is attached to the surface of the conical test piece.As the tool bearing rolls and squeezes the rubber ring,its deformation simulates the cutting force that would be applied during the machining process of the conical specimen by a five-axis machining center.In addition,the A/C-axis cradle-type vertical five-axis machining center serves as the foundation for deriving a cutting force model using chi-square coordinate transformation.A multidimensional force tracking-loading simulation experimental platform is built,and experiments are conducted.The experimental platform includes the following:the simulator,data acquisition,and data analysis tools.The simulator and Kistler force gauge are installed on the five-axis machining center table.The data acquisition system captures real-time changes in cutting force between the tool bearing and the loading device,transmitting these measurements to a computer for analysis.This study aims to ex

关 键 词：多维力加载 可靠性实验 五轴加工中心 圆锥台试件 

分 类 号：TH17[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]