基于SmartRock传感技术的道砟静力循环平板载荷试验研究  

Study on Static Cyclic Plate⁃load Test of Ballast Based on SmartRock Sensor Technology

作　　者：王家全[1,2] 张涛艺 黄世斌[1,2] 唐毅[1,2] WANG Jiaquan;ZHANG Taoyi;HUANG Shibin;TANG Yi(Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation and Prestress Technology,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545006,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Geotechnical Disaster and Ecological Control,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科技大学广西高校防灾减灾与预应力技术重点实验室,广西柳州545006 [2]广西科技大学广西壮族自治区岩土灾变与生态治理工程研究中心,广西柳州545006

出　　处：《铁道学报》2025年第1期123-130,共8页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52468047);广西自然科学基金(2022GXNSFDA035081);广西高等学校高水平创新团队及卓越学者计划(桂教人才[2020]6号);广西研究生教育创新计划(YCSW2021310)。

摘　　要：基床道砟在交通荷载重复作用下的位移变形机制尚不清晰,为了研究道砟在静力循环荷载作用下的沉降规律和道砟颗粒的位移旋转特性,利用自行设计的静力循环平板试验模型装置,对道砟填料开展不同幅值下的静力循环平板载荷试验,结合SmartRock无线传感器技术分析道砟层不同位置颗粒接触变形特性,揭示循环加卸载过程中道砟沉降及旋转特性。结果表明:低、中、高3种幅值下的累积塑性变形分别为2.92、3.91、12.37 mm,且低幅值和中幅值工况的累积塑性变形量为高幅值工况的22.94%、30.71%,表现为道砟承载塑性变形对基底高压力敏感性高;建立峰值沉降量与循环次数和荷载幅值之间数学模型,可较好预测经过多次循环后道砟的峰值沉降量;在静力循环加卸载过程中,低幅值和中幅值工况的x、y轴转角的最大值分别为高幅值工况的22.19%、34.90%和32.45%、39.55%,颗粒绕x、y轴转动的概率远大于z轴,在一个方向的转动响应弱,必然会在另一个方向的转动响应强,且循环荷载作用是道砟填料磨损严重的重要原因之一。Given unclear displacement and deformation mechanism of subgrade bed ballast under repeated traffic load,in order to study the settlement law of ballast under static cyclic load and the displacement and rotation characteristics of ballast packing,a static cyclic plate test model device was designed to perform static cyclic plate load tests on ballast filler at three different amplitudes.SmartRock wireless sensor technology was used to analyze the particle contact deform⁃ation characteristics at different locations of ballast layer and reveal ballast settlement and rotation characteristics during cyclic loading and unloading.The results show that the cumulative plastic deformation of low,medium and high ampli⁃tudes is 2.92,3.91 and 12.37 mm respectively,with the cumulative plastic deformation of low and medium amplitudes being 22.94%and 30.71%of that of high amplitude conditions,showing the high sensitivity of ballast bearing plastic deformation to high substrate pressure.A mathematical model established between the peak settlement,the number of cycles,and the load amplitude,shows effective prediction of the peak settlement of ballast after multiple cycles.In the process of static cyclic loading and unloading,the maximum values of x⁃axis and y⁃axis turning angles of low and medi⁃um amplitude conditions are 22.19%,34.90%and 32.45%,39.55%of high amplitude condition,respectively,with the chance of particles turning around x⁃axis and y⁃axis much greater than that around z⁃axis.The weak turning response in one direction inevitably leads to strong turning response in the other direction.Cyclic loading effect is one of the im⁃portant causes for the serious wear of ballast filler.

关 键 词：静力循环 平板载荷试验 道砟 SmartRock传感器 沉降规律 

分 类 号：TU411[建筑科学—岩土工程] U214[建筑科学—土工工程]