不同湿热条件下真菌发酵玉米秸秆残留物还田对土壤胡敏酸结构的影响  

Effects of Returning Corn Straw Residue Fermented by Fungi to the Field under Different Humid and Hot Conditions on Soil Humic Acid Structure

作　　者：张丹丹[1] 窦森[1] 张一枫 叶淑芬 ZHANG Dandan;DOU Sen;ZHANG Yifeng;YE Shufen(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2024年第6期1009-1016,共8页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077022);吉林省重点研发计划项目(20200402098NC)。

摘　　要：秸秆还田是实现玉米秸秆资源化利用的主要方式之一,固态发酵后的玉米秸秆残留物还田效果优于玉米秸秆直接还田。为研究不同湿热条件下固态发酵的玉米秸秆残留物的还田效果,设置6组处理,分别为空白对照(ck)、秸秆直接还田(CS)、温度25℃湿度70%(T_(25)H_(70))、温度30℃湿度70%(T_(30)H_(70))、温度30℃湿度60%(T_(30)H_(60))和温度25℃湿度60%(T_(25)H_(60))秸秆残留物还田,利用元素组成、红外光谱和热稳定性分析等方法探究不同湿热条件下,固态发酵玉米秸秆残留物还田对土壤胡敏酸(HA)结构的影响。结果表明:不同湿热条件下的玉米秸秆残留物还田使土壤HA结构向简单化方向发展,其中T_(30)H_(70)处理的(O+S)/C=0.686,H/C=1.268,T_(25)H_(70)处理I_(2920)/I_(1620)=0.78,失重高中比为0.87。发酵温度为25℃、湿度70%的秸秆残留物还田(T_(25)H_(70))处理的土壤HA分子的脂族性增强、芳构化程度降低的效果最好。该结果为农业生产中玉米秸秆还田提供理论依据。Straw returning is one of the main ways to realize corn straw resource utilization,and the effect of corn straw residue returning after solid-state fermentation is better than that of corn straw returning directly.However,it is rarely discussed whether the return effect of corn straw residue under different humid and hot conditions is the same.Therefore,in this study,6 treatments were set up,which were blank control(ck),direct straw returning(CS),temperature 25℃,humidity 70%(T_(25)H_(70)),temperature 30℃,humidity 70%(T_(30)H_(70)),temperature 30℃,humidity 60%(T_(30)H_(60))and temperature 25℃,humidity 60%(T_(25)H_(60))straw residues returned to the field.The effects of solid-state fermentation corn straw residue return to the field on soil HA(humic acid)structure under different humid and hot conditions were investigated by means of elemental composition,infrared spectroscopy and thermal stability analysis,to provide theoretical basis for corn straw returning to the field in agricul tural production.The results showed that returning corn straw residues to the field under different humid and hot conditions led to the simplification of soil HA structure.Among them,T_(30)H_(70) treated O/C was 0.686,H/C was 1.268,T_(25)H_(70) treated I_(2920)/I_(1620) was 0.78 and high/medium weight loss ratio was 0.87.Fermentation temperature of 25 humidity 70% straw residue returned to the field(T_(25)H_(70))treatment showed the best effect in enhancing aliphatic properties of soil HA molecules and reducing the degree of aromatization.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 残留物还田 胡敏酸 黄孢原毛平革菌 固态发酵 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]