露天砂尘环境大涵道比涡扇发动机气固两相颗粒流数值仿真研究  

Numerical Simulation of Gas-solid Two-phase Particle Flow in High Bypass Ratio Turbofan Engines Under an Open-air Sand and Dust Environment

作　　者：杨树楷 刘立平 王金光 唐宇峰 YANG Shukai;LIU Liping;WANG Jinguang;TANG Yufeng(AECC Shenyang Engine Research Institute,Shenyang 110015,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发沈阳发动机研究所,辽宁沈阳110015

出　　处：《郑州航空工业管理学院学报》2025年第1期18-25,43,共9页Journal of Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics

摘　　要：飞机在飞行过程中可能会遭遇复杂的气象条件,尤其是在砂尘环境下进行起飞、着陆,漂浮在空气中的砂粒或尘土等颗粒状异物会被航空发动机吸入。目前国内航空发动机吞砂试验的研究多针对涡轴发动机,对大涵道比涡扇发动机吞砂试验研究较少。采用三维定常流体数值仿真技术,对露天砂尘环境下大涵道比涡扇发动机气固两相颗粒流进行数值仿真研究,获得发动机进气流场的情况。研究认为:发动机进口砂尘浓度低于外界环境砂尘浓度,主要是因为远场入口部分砂粒在惯性力作用下,从空气流线中逃逸,继续向后运动,未进入发动机进气道;部分砂粒撞击短舱唇口及外壁后,发生反弹未进入发动机进气道;空气进入发动机进气道后,流动速度提高,密度下降,由于发动机进气道内的空气密度低于远场空气密度,因此发动机进口砂尘浓度也会进一步降低。实际吞砂试验投放砂量、砂尘浓度应参考数值仿真结果进行设置,以避免实际吞砂试验考核过于严苛。During the flight,aircraft may encounter complicated weather conditions,especially during take-off or landing in sand and dust environment.The sand or dust particles floating in the air can be sucked in by the aeroengine.At present,domestic research on the sand ingestion tests primarily focuses on turboshaft engines,with quite limited studies on high bypass ratio turbofan engines.A three-dimensional steady-state fluid numerical simulation technique is applied to study the gas-solid two-phase particle flow in high bypass ratio turbofan engines operating in an open-air sand and dust environment,providing insights into the engine’s inlet airflow conditions.The results show that the sand and dust concentration at the entrance of the engine is lower than that of the external environment.Three factors contribute to this reduction.First,some sand particles at the far end have escaped from the air stream and continued moving backward under inertia force without entering the engine inlet.Second,some sand particles rebound after hitting the lip and outer wall,failing to enter the engine inlet.Third,when the air enters the engine inlet,its flow velocity increases and density decreases.Since the air density inside the engine is lower than that in the far field,the sand and dust concentration at the inlet will be further reduced.The amount of sand and the concentration of sand and dust used in actual sand ingestion tests should be set up according to the results of numerical simulation in order to avoid overly stringent assessments.

关 键 词：航空发动机 大涵道比涡扇发动机 数值模拟分析 两相流 吞砂 

分 类 号：V231.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]