2024年度黑色素瘤新辅助免疫治疗研究进展  

Research progress in neoadjuvant immunotherapy for melanoma in 2024

作　　者：毕雪瑾 谷俊杰 斯璐[1] Bi Xuejin;Gu Junjie;Si Lu(Internal Medicine of Melanoma and Sarcoma,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education),Peking University Cancer Hospital&Institute,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学肿瘤医院暨北京市肿瘤防治研究所、黑色素瘤暨肉瘤内科、恶性肿瘤发病机制及转化研究教育部重点实验室,北京100142

出　　处：《肿瘤综合治疗电子杂志》2025年第1期89-96,共8页Journal of Multidisciplinary Cancer Management(Electronic Version)

摘　　要：黑色素瘤是一种常见的皮肤恶性肿瘤,其发病率在不同国家和地区存在一定的差异,总体呈现逐年增加的趋势。传统化疗治疗黑色素瘤的疗效不佳,术后复发率较高,长期生存率较低。新辅助治疗是指在手术前给予药物治疗,近几年黑色素瘤领域最重要的进展均为新辅助治疗,多项临床试验已显示出较好的疗效,因此,新辅助免疫治疗在临床上引起了广泛的关注。但对于新辅助免疫治疗的研究大多集中在皮肤黑色素瘤,而肢端黑色素瘤和黏膜黑色素瘤的临床研究较少。本文旨在回顾并总结2024年度及既往关于黑色素瘤新辅助免疫治疗的临床研究,探讨与治疗效果相关的预测指标,并阐明新辅助免疫治疗的生物学机制,以期为优化黑色素瘤的后续治疗提供参考。Melanoma is a common skin malignant tumor.Its incidence rate varies in different countries and regions,and generally shows an increasing trend year by year.The efficacy of traditional chemotherapy for melanoma is poor,and the postoperative recurrence rate is high,and the long-term survival rate is low.Neoadjuvant therapy refers to the use of medication prior to surgery.In recent years,the most important advances in thefield of melanoma are neoadjuvant therapy,and multiple clinical trials have shown good results.Therefore,the application of neoadjuvant immunotherapy has attracted widespread clinical attention.However,research on neoadjuvant immunotherapy has mostly focused on cutaneous melanoma,while there has been less attention on acral and mucosal melanoma.This article aims to review and summarize clinical studies related to melanoma and previous neoadjuvant immunotherapy in 2024 and before,explore predictive indicators related to treatment efficacy,clarify the biological mechanism of neoadjuvant immunotherapy,and provide reference for optimizing the subsequent treatment of melanoma.

关 键 词：黑色素瘤 新辅助免疫治疗 预测指标 生物学机制 免疫检查点抑制剂 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]