基于肠-肝轴探讨安化黑茶防治非酒精性脂肪肝的作用机制  

Mechanism of Anhua Dark Tea in Controlling Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on Gut-Liver Axis

作　　者：毛彩薇 夏旭婷 葛俊 李琳莉 喻长红 刘富林[1] MAO Caiwei;XIA Xuting;GE Jun;LI Linli;YU Changhong;LIU Fulin(Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410208,Hunan,China;First Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Changde,Changde 415000,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学,湖南长沙410208 [2]常德市第一中医医院,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2025年第3期68-75,共8页Food Research and Development

基　　金：常德市临床医疗技术创新引导项目(2021SK055);校级研究生科研创新项目(2023CX173);湖南省教育厅重点项目(23A0292);湖南省教育厅一般项目(23C0164);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2024JJ7359)。

摘　　要：为探讨安化黑茶水提液预防小鼠非酒精性脂肪肝(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的作用机制。将C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、西药(阿托伐他汀,10 mg/kg)组及安化黑茶低、中、高剂量(0.75、1.5、3.0 g/kg)组,采取预防模型,同时给药与饲喂高脂高糖饲料,连续10周。结果表明:与模型组小鼠相比,安化黑茶低、中、高剂量组小鼠体质量极显著降低(P<0.01),体质量增长量极显著减少(P<0.01),胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、低密度脂蛋白(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)水平明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),肝细胞脂肪变性与气球样变得到纠正,回肠病理损伤改善,闭合蛋白和闭锁小带蛋白-1(zonula occludens-1,ZO-1)表达增加(P<0.01);安化黑茶高剂量组拟杆菌门、Muribaculaceae_unclassified及乳杆菌属相对丰度增加,厚壁菌门、脱硫弧菌属及毛螺菌属相对丰度降低。综上所述,安化黑茶具有改善肠黏膜屏障功能,调节肠道菌群,恢复肠道微生态的作用,其可能通过调节肠-肝轴发挥对NAFLD的防治作用。To investigate the mechanisms of the aqueous extract of Anhua dark tea in controlling the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in mice,this study randomly divided the C57BL/6J mice into blank group,model group,western medicine group(atorvastatin,10 mg/kg),low-dose(0.75 g/kg),medium-dose(1.5 g/kg),and high-dose(3.0 g/kg)Anhua dark tea group.A prevention model was taken and the drug was administered simultaneously with feeding a high-fat and high-sugar diet for 10 consecutive weeks.The results showed that compared with the mice in the model group,the mice in the low-,medium-and high-dose Anhua dark tea groups showed significantly decrease in body mass(P<0.01),significantly reduced body mass gain(P<0.01),and significantly reduced total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels(P<0.05,P<0.01).Moreover,they demonstrated refined hepatic steatosis and hepatocyte ballooning,improved ileal pathological lesions,and increased expression of occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1).Mice in the high-dose Anhua dark tea group had an increase in the relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes,Muribaculaceae_unclassified and Lactobacillus,and decrease in the relative abundance of the Firmicutes,Desulfovibrio,and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136.In conclusion,Anhua dark tea could improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function and regulate the gut microbiota,restoring a healthy intestinal microecology,and it may control NAFLD by regulating the gut-liver axis.

关 键 词：安化黑茶 非酒精性脂肪肝 肠-肝轴 肠道菌群 肠黏膜机械屏障 

分 类 号：TS272.5[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]