2014—2023年广西南宁某精神专科医院门诊儿童青少年精神心理障碍患者就诊疾病种类变化分析  

Analysis on the changes in the types of diseases of children and adolescents with psychiatric and psychological disorders in the outpatient clinic of a psychiatric hospital in Nanning Guangxi from 2014 to 2023

作　　者：方晖 郑丹丹 农玉贤 黄淑津 吕小平 龙建雄[2] 范喜英 宋力 李金秀 FANG Hui;ZHENG Dandan;NONG Yuxian;HUANG Shujin;LYU Xiaoping;LONG Jianxiong;FAN Xiying;SONG Li;LI Jinxiu(Nanning Fifth People′s Hospital,Nanning 530001,China;School of Public Health,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁市第五人民医院,南宁530001 [2]广西医科大学公共卫生学院,南宁530021

出　　处：《中国临床新医学》2025年第1期77-82,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF NEW CLINICAL MEDICINE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:82260663);南宁市儿童青少年心理健康高质量发展项目(编号:南财社〔2023〕389号)。

摘　　要：目的分析2014—2023年广西南宁某精神专科医院门诊儿童青少年精神心理障碍患者就诊疾病种类变化。方法回顾性收集2014年1月至2023年12月首次就诊于南宁市第五人民医院门诊的37177例儿童青少年的临床资料,参照国际疾病分类第10版(ICD-10)将患者的疾病诊断进行分类,统计每年首诊类型的诊断构成比,计算各类构成比的平均增长速度,对变化趋势进行χ^(2)趋势检验。结果2014—2023年,首诊类型的年平均构成比由高到低依次为F30-F39(27.93%)、咨询(23.56%)、F20-F29(12.07%)、F40-F48(9.88%)、F00-F09(9.80%)、F90-F98(6.37%)、其他(5.67%)、因心理卫生问题就诊(2.07%)、F70-F79(1.41%)和F50-F59(1.24%)。F00-F09、F20-F29、F50-F59、F70-F79、其他和咨询类就诊的构成比呈下降趋势,构成比的平均下降速度分别为7.20%、49.06%、7.41%、25.98%、7.41%和4.80%;F30-F39、F40-F48和因心理卫生问题就诊的构成比呈上升趋势,构成比的平均增长速度分别为26.95%、15.97%和51.12%,χ^(2)趋势检验显示差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。F30-F39类病种中,年平均构成比由高到低依次为抑郁发作(80.12%)、其他类心境[情感]障碍(12.64%)、双相情感障碍(5.18%)和躁狂发作(2.06%)。躁狂发作和双相情感障碍的构成比呈下降趋势,构成比的平均下降速度分别为10.49%和17.99%;抑郁发作和其他类心境[情感]障碍的构成比呈上升趋势,构成比的平均增长速度分别为32.08%和16.97%,χ^(2)趋势检验显示差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论2014—2023年,该院门诊儿童青少年因心理卫生问题就诊和F30-F39类疾病的构成比快速增加,精神分裂症等传统精神疾病的构成比减少。未来应针对性加强儿童青少年情绪内化等问题的心理健康服务。Objective To analyze the changes in the types of diseases of children and adolescents with psychiatric and psychological disorders in the outpatient clinic of a psychiatric hospital in Nanning Guangxi from 2014 to 2023.Methods The clinical data of 37177 children and adolescents who first visited their doctors in the outpatient department of Nanning Fifth People′s Hospital from January 2014 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected.The patients′disease diagnoses were classified by reference to International Classification of Diseases,10th Revision(ICD-10).The annual composition ratio of initial diagnosis types was statistically analyzed,and the average growth rate of the composition ratio of the types was calculated,and the changing trends were analyzed using chi-square test for trend.Results From 2014 to 2023,[LM]the average annual composition ratios of the initial diagnosis types from highest to lowest were F30-F39(27.93%),consultation(23.56%),F20-F29(12.07%),F40-F48(9.88%),F00-F09(9.80%),F90-F98(6.37%),other types(5.67%),visits for mental health problems(2.07%),F70-F79(1.41%)and F50-F59(1.24%).The composition ratios of F00-F09,F20-F29,F50-F59,F70-F79,other types and consultation in the patients visiting their doctors showed a decreasing trend,and the average decline rates of the composition ratios were 7.20%,49.06%,7.41%,25.98%,7.41%and 4.80%,respectively.The composition ratios of F30-F39,F40-F48 and visits for mental health problems showed an increasing trend,and the average growth rates of the composition ratios were 26.95%,15.97%and 51.12%,respectively.The results of chi-square test for trend showed that the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the F30-F39 disease category,the average annual composition ratios from highest to lowest were as follow:depressive episodes(80.12%),other types of mood[affective]disorders(12.64%),bipolar disorders(5.18%)and manic episodes(2.06%).The composition ratios of manic episodes and bipolar disorders showed a declining tendency,and their average dec

关 键 词：儿童青少年 精神心理障碍 构成比 趋势分析 广西南宁 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]