烟台市丁字湾海域海鱼异尖线虫感染情况调查  

Investigation on the Infection Status of Heterotrophic Nematodes in Marine Fish in the Dingzi Bay Area of Yantai

作　　者：于伟霞[1] 张宏超[1] Yu Weixia;Zhang Hongchao(Laiyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Laiyang,Shandong,265200,China)

机构地区：[1]莱阳市疾病预防控制中心,山东莱阳265200

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第12期52-53,59,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的:了解山东省烟台市丁字湾海域海鱼感染异尖线虫的情况,对品种的感染特点及居民对异尖线虫病的健康知识知晓情况进行分析。方法:2021年11月,在烟台市丁字湾海域码头采购鲜活海鱼,进行解剖取样、活体观察,统计分析不同鱼种和内脏的异尖线虫感染情况,开展居民健康知识问卷调查。结果:按海鱼种类统计,感染异尖线虫的比例为60.00%(12/20);按尾数统计,感染率为44.65%(96/215);不同种类的海鱼异尖线虫主要寄生部位不同,以腹腔为主要感染部位的有偏口鱼、鲅鱼、鲅鱼等,海鳗鱼、沙梭鱼、辫子鱼、辫子鱼、黄鲈鱼感染部位以肠系膜为主,鲅鱼、鱽鱼、海鲫鱼以泄殖腔为主要感染部位。对300名沿海居民进行异尖线虫病相关知识调查发现,只有40.00%的人听说过异尖线虫病,76.00%的人平时烹饪鱼类生熟和砧板分开。结论:烟台市丁字湾海域中鲐鲅鱼、鮟鱇鱼、大头鯹鱼异尖线虫感染率高,当地居民异尖线虫病健康知识知晓率低。建议继续扩大相关健康知识的宣传范围,倡导熟食海鱼,以预防异尖线虫病的发生。OBJECTIVE To investigate the infection of some marine fish with nematode larvae in Dingzi Bay of Yantai.The research aimed to analyze the infection characteristics across different fish species,examine the residents’awareness of nematode disease,and provide theoretical foundations for local prevention and control measures.METHODS Fresh marine fish were procured from the Dingzi Bay area at the pier in Yantai in November of 2021.The specimens were dissected for anatomical examination,and analysed microscopically to identify their morphological characteristics.Statistical analyses were conducted on the infection rates of nematode disease in various fish species and organs.Additionally,it conducted a survey among residents,involving questionnaires to investigate health knowledge and behaviors related to nematode larvae.RESULTS In terms of fish species,the infection rate of nematode larvae was recorded at 60.00%(12/20),and when analyzed based on the count of fish tails,the infection rate was 44.65%(96/215).The main parasitic site of nematode larvae varies among different fish species,and the infection rate of nematode nematodes varies among different parts of marine fish.Predominantly,grouper,mackerel and mackerel exhibited infections mainly in the abdominal cavity,and grouper,mackerel,mackerel primarily showed infections in the mesentery.A survey on related knowledge of heterophyophisoma infection among 300 coastal residents showed that only 40.00%of them had heard of the disease,while 76.00%of them usually cook fish with separate cutting boards for raw and cooked fish.CONCLUSION The infection rates of mackerel,anglerfish,and bighead catfish croaker in some marine fish in Dingzi Bay of Yantai.The low awareness of nematode disease among residents emphasizes the need for enhanced dissemination of relevant health knowledge and education,particularly in the context of preventing nematode disease through the consumption of cooked marine fish.

关 键 词：海鱼 异尖线虫 感染 知晓率 

分 类 号：R53[医药卫生—内科学]