我国中老年人眼健康状况及影响因素分析——基于中国健康与养老追踪调查面板数据  

Analysis of Eye Health Influencing Factors among Elderly People in China:Based on The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey Panel Data

作　　者：张玲玲 朱子昱[1] 王海英[1] 陈欣[2] 杜汋[2] Zhang Lingling;Zhu Ziyu;Wang Haiying;Chen Xin;Du Yue(Tianjin Eye Hospital,Tianjin,300020,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]天津市眼科医院,天津300020 [2]天津医科大学公共卫生学院,天津300070

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第12期70-72,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学规划项目重点调研专项(TJZDDY20-21)。

摘　　要：目的:了解我国≥45岁中老年人眼健康状况,探讨相关影响因素,为提高中老年人眼健康水平提供依据。方法:利用中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey,CHARLS)2011年、2013年、2015年、2018年截面数据,经过数据筛选与整理,构成非平衡面板数据集,共74770份数据。采用年度百分比分析失明或半失明、白内障手术及青光眼确诊情况及其变化趋势,利用面板二值选择模型的随机效应logit模型探究其影响因素。结果:居民失明或半失明率从2011年的6.3%上升至2018年的14.3%,白内障手术率从2011年的1.9%上升至2018年的4.4%,青光眼确诊率从2011年的1.0%上升至2018年的2.7%。随机效应logit模型结果显示,年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常是影响中老年人群失明或半失明率、白内障手术率及青光眼确诊率的因素;失明或半失明率及青光眼确诊率也受婚姻状况、受教育程度及居住地类型的影响。结论:我国中老年人失明或半失明率、白内障手术率及青光眼确诊率不断提升,应加大对老年人及慢性病患者等重点人群的眼病筛查力度,加强对该人群的眼健康管理。OBJECTIVE To understand the eye health status of middle-aged and above in China,explore the influencing fac⁃tors,and provide a theoretical basis for improving the eye health level of elderly people.METHODS Using the cross-section data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS)form 2011,2013,2015 and 2018,after data screening and colla⁃tion,the unbalanced panel data set was formed with a total of 74770 cases.Using the annual percentage analysis of the status and trend of blindness or semi-blindness,cataract surgery and glaucoma diagnosis,the random-effects Logit model with a panel dichot⁃omous choice model was used to explore the influencing factors.RESULTS The rate of resident blindness or semi-blindness(6.3%~14.3%),cataract surgery(1.9%~4.4%)and glaucoma diagnosis(1.0%~2.7%)were on the rise.The random-effect Logit model showed that age,sex,hypertension,diabetes,and dyslipidemia were factors affecting blindness or semi-blindness,cataract sur⁃gery,and glaucoma.Blindness or semi-blindness and glaucoma diagnosis were also affected by marital status,education,and type of residence.CONCLUSION The diagnosis rate of blindness or semi-blindnes,cataract surgery and glaucoma in China is constantly increasing,so the eye disease screening of the elderly and patients with chronic diseases should be increased to strengthen their eye health management.

关 键 词：中老年人 眼健康 影响因素 面板数据 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]