土家药獐牙菜苦寒性味量化评价  

Quantitative evaluation of bitter-cold property of Swertia bimaculata

作　　者：李钰 黄先菊[1] 全志文 刘丽玲 杨沐然 李怡豪 LI Yu;HUANG Xianju;QUAN Zhiwen;LIU Liling;YANG Muran;LI Yihao(School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,South-Central Minzu University,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学药学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《中南民族大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期188-192,共5页Journal of South-Central Minzu University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：湖北省国际科技合作项目(2024EHA054);中南民族大学中药现代化传承与创新团队资助项目(XTZ24025)。

摘　　要：为量化评价土家药獐牙菜各活性部位的苦味寒性,并探究其发挥苦味寒性的物质基础及作用机制,以实验对采集于湖北恩施的土家药獐牙菜进行了初步鉴定,经不同溶剂萃取得不同活性部位,采用高效液相色谱法对各活性部位的獐牙菜苦苷、龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苷进行分析,用电子舌技术对各活性部位的滋味度进行量化.通过监测实验小鼠肛温变化,检测能量代谢相关酶活力,并结合活性成分与TRP通道的分子对接评分值,探究土家药獐牙菜的寒热药性.结果显示土家药獐牙菜各活性部位獐牙菜苦苷的含量最高,其中乙酸乙酯部位对苦味的响应值最大,獐牙菜各活性部位均能降低小鼠肛温,抑制能量代谢相关的酶,表现出寒凉药性,且分子对接结果显示獐牙菜苷与TRPM4的评分值最高.这表明土家药獐牙菜各活性部位獐牙菜苦苷的含量最高,乙酸乙酯部位对其苦味药性的贡献最大,与热性药物相比,土家药獐牙菜表现出寒凉药性,其寒性发挥机制可能与活性成分和TRPM4的作用有关.In order to quantitatively evaluate the bitterness and coldness of the active parts of Tujia medicine Swertia bimaculata(S.bimaculata),and explore the material basis and mechanism of its bitterness and coldness,this experiment preliminarily identified S.bimaculata collected in Enshi,Hubei Province,and extracted different active parts with different solvents.The contents of swertiamarin,gentiopicroside and sweroside in each active part were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography.The taste of each active site was quantified by electronic tongue technology.By monitoring the changes of anal temperature of mice,the activity of enzyme related to energy metabolism was detected,and combined with the molecular docking score of active components and TRP channels,the chilling-heat properties of S.bimaculata were explored.The results showed that the content of swertiamarin in the active fractions of S.bimaculata was the highest,and the ethyl acetate fraction had the greatest response value to bitterness.The active parts of S.bimaculata can reduce the rectal temperature of mice and inhibit the enzymes related to energy metabolism,showing cold and cool medicinal properties.The molecular docking results showed that the score of sweroside and TRPM4 was the highest.These results indicated that the content of swertiamarin in the active fractions of S.bimaculata is the highest,and the ethyl acetate fraction contributes the most to its bitterness.Compared with hot drugs,S.bimaculata showed cold medicinal properties,and its cold mechanism may be related to the role of active ingredients and TRPM4.

关 键 词：土家药 獐牙菜 苦味 寒性 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]