Toxicity variability in Alexandrium pacificum isolated from East China Sea:impact of temperature and light intensity  

作　　者：Xuexia ZHU Tianchi YIN Min PANG Jun WANG 

机构地区：[1]The First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China,Qingdao 266061,China [2]College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China [3]College of Oceanography,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China

出　　处：《Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》2025年第1期147-158,共12页海洋湖沼学报(英文)

基　　金：Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32101290,52009082);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20210364);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.B220202044)。

摘　　要：Suitable temperature and light intensity play important roles in the formation of harmful algae blooms(HABs),which can pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health.In this study,we measured the growth,physiological function,and paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs)production of Alexandrium pacificum(CCMA-272),a strain isolated from East China Sea,at different temperatures(15,20,and 25℃)and light intensities(30,60,and 90μmol photons/(m^(2)·s)).Results indicate that temperature and light intensity significantly affected the growth,physiology,and toxigenic potentials of A.pacificum.The optimal conditions for the growth of A.pacificum were observed at 20℃ under60μmol photons/(m^(2)·s).Regarding the production of PSTs,this strain of A.pacificum produced 12 PSTs,including carbamate toxins:saxitoxin(STX),neosaxitoxin(NEO),and gonyautoxin 1–4(GTX1,GTX2,GTX3,GTX4);dicarbamoyl toxins:dicarbamoylsaxitoxin(dcSTX),dicarbamoylgonyautoxin 2,3(dcGTX2,dcGTX3);and N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins:N-sulfocarbamoylgonyautoxin 1,2(C1,C2),and gonyautoxin 5(GTX5).Among all the PSTs,C2 was the most abundant.Low temperature(15℃)and high light intensity(90μmol photons/(m^(2)·s))were beneficial for the production of PSTs in A.pacificum.When cultured at 20 and 25℃,A.pacificum generated comparable total quantities of PSTs,yet the toxicity levels were lower at 25℃.Intra-cellular PSTs contents were greater than extra-cellular PSTs contents,except those under the condition of 25℃ with 30μmol photons/(m^(2)·s).However,as the increase of temperature,A.pacificum released more amounts of analogues with higher toxicity levels(e.g.,STX and dcGTX_(2))into the environment than intracellularly.These findings emphasize the significant sensitivity of A.pacificum to temperature and light intensity,highlighting the importance of evaluating both intra-cellular and extra-cellular PSTs for assessing its toxicity and aiding in the prediction and management of HABs.

关 键 词：TEMPERATURE light intensity Alexandrium pacificum paralytic shellfish toxin harmful algal bloom 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X55