改善斜齿轮系统振动的低波动啮合刚度设计  

Low fluctuation stiffness design method for vibration reduction of helical gears

作　　者：游志伟 高景涛 李浩南 孙周 薛成 YOU Zhiwei;GAO Jingtao;LI Haonan;SUN Zhou;XUE Cheng(AECC Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute,Zhuzhou 412002,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发湖南动力机械研究所,株洲412002 [2]中南大学机电工程学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《机械传动》2025年第1期81-90,113,共11页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

摘　　要：【目的】齿轮副时变啮合刚度作为齿轮系统最主要的内部激励之一,是齿轮系统产生振动噪声的重要原因。在以往的研究中,往往采用齿面修形和引入减振器来改善系统的振动响应,鲜有文献研究齿轮副啮合刚度波动对系统振动特性的影响。以斜齿轮为研究对象,提出了一种低波动啮合刚度设计方法以改善斜齿轮系统的振动特性。【方法】由于斜齿轮副在啮合过程中接触线长度会发生变化,从而产生刚度波动,因此,设计方法的核心思想是根据啮合原理推导出齿轮在啮合过程中接触线总长度变化最小所需要满足的条件;而后与有限元法进行对比,验证参数设计方法以及建立的啮合刚度模型的正确性和有效性。建立8自由度斜齿轮动力学模型,对比了优化前后反映振动能量的均方根图,分析了加载静态传递误差(Loaded Static Transfer Error,LSTE)和动态响应。最后,讨论了所提出的两种优化设计方法。【结果】结果表明,适当的参数设计可以显著降低齿轮啮合刚度波动,并优化LSTE、改善系统振动。研究结果为齿轮系统的减振设计提供了理论支持。[Objective]The time-varying mesh stiffness of gear pairs,as one of the most important internal excitation of the gear system,is an important reason for the vibration and noise of the gear system.In previous studies,tooth surface modification and shock absorber were often used to improve the vibration response of the system,but there are few literature on the influence of mesh stiffness fluctuation on the vibration characteristics of the system.In order to improve the vibration characteristics of the helical gear system,a design method of low fluctuation mesh stiffness was proposed.[Methods]Since the length of the contact line of the helical gear pair changes during the meshing process,resulting in mesh stiffness fluctuations,the core idea of the design method was to deduce the conditions for the minimum change of the total length of the contact line in the meshing process according to the mesh principle.Then it was compared with the finite element method to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the parameter design method and the analytical mesh stiffness model.A dynamic model of eight-degree-of-freedom helical gear was established.Then the RMS of vibration energy before and after optimization was compared.The loaded static transfer error(LSTE)and dynamic response were analyzed,and two optimization design methods were discussed.[Results]The results show that appropriate parameter design can significantly reduce the mesh stiffness fluctuation,optimize the LSTE and improve the vibration of the system.The research results provide theoretical support for the vibration reduction design of the gear system.

关 键 词：啮合刚度 低刚度波动 振动改善 斜齿轮 

分 类 号：TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]