基于压力-评价-应对理论分析妇产科护士压力负荷现状及影响因素  

Analysis of current status and influencing factors of stress load among obstetric and gynecological nurses based on stress-appraisal-coping theory

作　　者：叶琦琦 黄黛苑[2] 钟可夫 袁丽 黄绮华[3] 黄健[2] YE Qiqi;HUANG Daiyuan;ZHONG Kefu;YUAN Li;HUANG Qihua;HUANG Jian(Second Clinical Medical College,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510120,China;Department of Gynecology,Dade Road General Hospital,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510120,China;Nursing Department,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510120,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学第二临床医学院,广东广州510120 [2]广东省中医院大德路总院妇科,广东广州510120 [3]广东省中医院护理部,广东广州510120

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第23期3243-3247,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家中医药管理局课题李丽芸全国名老中医药传承工作室(1199ws02)。

摘　　要：目的 了解妇产科护士压力负荷现状特点及影响因素,为优化妇产科护士管理手段提供实证证据。方法 于2023年2—3月采用分层抽样法选取广东省内21所公立医院的426名妇产科护士作为调查对象,使用一般资料调查表、中国大五人格问卷简版、特质应对方式问卷和中文版压力负荷量表进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 妇产科护士压力风险呈现出高压力、冲击性等特点,其压力负荷处于中等水平,得分[M(P_(25),P_(75))]为66.00(53.75,78.00)分。不同婚姻状况、医院级别、家庭职业支持度及工作动机者压力负荷比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);神经质人格及消极应对倾向者的压力负荷水平最高(P<0.01)。结论 广东省内21所公立医院妇产科护士压力负荷水平中等,护理管理者应当对神经质人格显著的护士加强关爱,采用柔性或磁性管理并增强团体心理干预或个案介入,使其以积极态度面对应激事件,树立积极人格。Objective To understand the current characteristics and influencing factors of the stress load of obstetric and gynecological nurses,and provide empirical evidence for optimizing the management methods of obstetric and gynecological nurses.Methods From February to March 2023,a convenient sampling method was used to select 426 obstetric and gynecological nurses from 2l public hospitals in Guangdong Province as the survey subjects.The survey was conducted using the general information questionnaire,the Chinese big five personality questionnaire,the trait coping style questionnaire,and the Chinese version of the stress overload scale,and the data were analyzed.Results The stress risk of obstetrics and gynecology nurses showed characteristics of high stress and shock,and their stress load was at a medium level,with a score[M(P_(25),P_(75))]of 66.00(53.75,78.00)points.There were statistically significant differences in stress load among nurses with different marital status,hospital level,family occupational support and work motivation(all P<0.05).The stress load level of nurses with neurotic personality and negative coping tendency was the highest(P<0.01).Conclusion The stress load level of obstetrics and gynecology nurses in 21 public hospitals in Guangdong Province is medium.Nursing managers should strengthen care for nurses with significant neurotic personality,adopt flexible or magnetic management,and enhance group psychological intervention or case intervention to motivate them to face stress events with a positive attitude,and establish a positive personality.

关 键 词：护士 压力负荷 人格特征 应对方式 妇产科 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]