不同戒毒方式对甲基苯丙胺成瘾者复吸时间的影响  

The effect of different detoxification methods on relapse time of methamphetamine addicts

作　　者：肖之凯 林贵锋 贾晓健 杨梅 李尚瑾 王乐云 张雅琦 谢浩 陈武宏 黄奕华 XIAO Zhi-kai;LIN Gui-feng;JIA Xiao-jian;YANG Mei;LI Shang-jin;WANG Le-yun;ZHANG Ya-qi;XIE Hao;CHEN Wu-hong;HUANG Yi-hua(Drug Rehabilitation Medical Center,the Second Compulsory Isolation Drug Rehabilitation Center of Shenzhen Judicial Bureau,Shenzhen 518131,Guangdong,China;Shenzhen Kangning Hospital,Shenzhen 518118,Guangdong,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]深圳市司法局第二强制隔离戒毒所戒毒医疗中心,广东深圳518131 [2]深圳市康宁医院,广东深圳518118 [3]不详

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2024年第6期479-485,共7页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

基　　金：司法部戒毒管理局2022-2023年司法行政戒毒工作理论研究项目课题[(2022)司戒毒字47号]。

摘　　要：目的研究强制隔离戒毒、自愿戒毒和自然戒毒等三种戒毒方式对甲基苯丙胺成瘾者复吸时间的影响,探讨三种戒毒方式各自的优势和局限,指导戒毒模式的改进。方法2023年3月至2023年9月问卷调查甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的戒毒和复吸情况。比较强制隔离戒毒、自愿戒毒、自然戒毒三种方式下的复吸时间,分析戒毒方式、戒毒用时与复吸时间之间的相关性。结果接受强制隔离戒毒、自愿戒毒和自然戒毒三种不同戒毒方式治疗的甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的复吸时间之间存在显著差异(P<0.001)。戒毒方式通过毒品渴求影响复吸时间,冰毒成瘾程度在其中起调节作用,有调节的中介效应成立。通过戒毒方式和戒毒用时可以预测复吸时间。结论强制隔离戒毒后的成瘾者复吸时间最长、效果最好,其次为自愿戒毒,自然戒毒的成瘾者复吸时间最短、效果最差。总体来说,三种戒毒方式各有优劣,未来戒毒工作应建立模块化整体戒毒模式。Objectivee To study the effects of compulsory isolated detoxification,hospital detoxification,and natural detoxification on the relapse time of methamphetamine addicts,to explore the advantages and limitations of the three detoxification methods,and to guide the improvement of the social detoxification model.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the detoxification and relapse of methamphetamine addicts from March 2023 to September 2023.The relapse time was compared among the three detoxification methods,and the correlation between detoxification methods,detoxification time,and relapse time was analyzed.Results There was a significant difference in relapse time among methamphetamine addicts who underwent three different detoxification methods(P<0.001).A moderated mediating effect was established,indicating that the detoxification modality was found to affect relapse time through drug craving,with the degree of methamphetamine addiction playing a moderating role.Relapse time can be predicted by detoxification methods and detoxification time.Conclusion Relapse time is longest in compulsory isolated detoxification,followed by hospital detoxification,and shortest in natural detoxification.A modular holistic detoxification model based on the medical detoxification model should be established in the future,as each of the three detoxification methods has its own advantages and disadvantages.

关 键 词：甲基苯丙胺 成瘾 戒毒 复吸 强制隔离戒毒 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]