国家标准制定中的企业联盟:强强联合还是强弱互补?  

Enterprise Alliance in the Formulation of National Standards:Strong Union or Complementary Strength?

作　　者：崔维军 刘紫欣 颜宇轩 孙成 CUI Weijun;LIU Zixin;YAN Yuxuan;SUN Cheng(School of Business,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Reading College,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;School of Social Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学商学院,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学雷丁学院,南京210044 [3]清华大学社会科学学院,北京100000

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2024年第12期106-119,共14页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(72102061);江苏省研究生科研创新计划(KYCX23_1285)。

摘　　要：在正式标准制定中,企业间形成了既有合作又有竞争的复杂联盟。研究采用中国信息与通信技术产业的国家标准数据,从企业技术能力差距角度对标准企业联盟进行分类,并进一步分析了不同分类下的标准企业联盟网络的特征。研究发现:(1)国家标准制定中的标准企业联盟可以分为少强多弱、强弱均衡和强强联合三种类型;(2)少强多弱型联盟是龙头企业带头进行标准制定,中小企业跟随学习,联盟内倾向于合作;强弱均衡型联盟是多个企业各自组织小规模的标准联盟争夺标准制定权,联盟内倾向于合作;强强联合型联盟是多个企业协作进行标准制定,联盟内话语权分散,竞争与合作并存。Due to the active implementation of standardization strategies in various countries,the research on standards has attracted the attention of many scholars,and the standard alliance is one of the main research topics.Enterprises are the main participants in the formulation of standards,and their differences in technical capabilities and participation goals make the alliance appear heterogeneous.In order to explore the organizational structure characteristics and competition and cooperation relations of enterprise alliances in the formulation of national standards,this research studies the enterprise alliances in the national standards by using the data of China's information and communication technology industry from the perspective of technological distance and competition and cooperation theory.Firstly,the variation coefficient and cluster analysis are used to classify the technical distance of the alliance,and the alliance is divided into three types:less strong and more weak,strong and weak balance and strong and strong combination.Secondly,Ucinet and Gephi social network analysis software are used to visually analyze the three types of alliances and compare their differences in network density,network centrality,network cluster and other aspects.The results show that the alliance with less strength and more weakness has high network density and network centrality,leading enterprises take the lead in standard formulation,small and medium-sized enterprises follow and learn,and the alliance tends to cooperate;The strong and weak balanced alliance has low network density and high network centrality.It is a small-scale standard alliance organized by several enterprises to compete for the right to set standards,and the alliance tends to cooperate.The strong alliance has high network density and low network centrality,which means that multiple enterprises cooperate to make standards,the right of discourse in the alliance is dispersed,and competition and cooperation coexist.Existing studies on the types of standard a

关 键 词：标准联盟 企业 国家标准 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]