广东省2022年专业公共卫生机构人力资源配置公平性分析  

Analyzing the fairness of human resource allocation in professional public health agency in Guangdong Province in 2022

作　　者：徐华丽 冯慧莹 黄晓亮 韩晓萃 XU Huali;FENG Huiying;HUANG Xiaoliang;HAN Xiaocui(Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510630,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省结核病控制中心,广东广州510630 [2]广东省卫生健康委员会事务中心(广东省卫生健康对外合作服务中心),广东广州510060

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第5期511-516,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：“十三五”国家科技重大专项子课题(2018ZX10715004-002);广东省科技计划项目(2024B1212070015);广东省医学科学技术研究基金(B2023469)。

摘　　要：目的分析2022年广东省专业公共卫生机构(PHA)人力资源配置公平性。方法选择广东省内的疾病预防控制中心、专科疾病防治机构、妇幼保健机构、健康教育机构、急救中心/站、采供血机构、卫生监督机构和卫生健康部门主管的计划生育技术服务中心等专业PHA中的卫生技术人员、其他技术人员和管理人员为研究对象。收集人力资源配置的基本情况,采用洛伦兹曲线(Lorenz曲线)、基尼系数(Gini系数)和泰尔指数(Theil指数),从年末常住人口、地理面积和地区生产总值3个维度分析广东省专业PHA人力资源配置的公平性。结果广东省珠江三角洲、东翼、西翼、山区4个区域每万人口PHA人员数分别为(7.49±3.74)、(4.74±0.87)、(8.73±1.67)和(10.33±1.80)人;各地级市人均地区生产总值与其PHA人员数量不存在相关关系(秩相关系数为0.43,P>0.05)。广东省PHA人力资源配置按年末常住人口分布,分别优于按地理面积和地区生产总值分布的结果,其Lorenz曲线最靠近45°标准线,且Gini系数最小。各类人员的配置公平性从高到低依次为执业(助理)医师、卫生技术人员、注册护士、管理人员和其他技术人员,Theil指数分别为0.0350、0.0364、0.0446、0.0484和0.0535;配置公平性差异均来源于组内差异,组内差异贡献率分别为76.0%、73.9%、71.8%、82.9%和92.2%。Lorenz曲线、Gini系数和Theil指数在按年末常住人口分布中的结果一致。结论广东省专业PHA人力资源配置按年末常住人口分布的公平性优于按地理面积和地区生产总值;执业(助理)医师的配置公平性相对优于其他类别专业。区域内差异是导致广东省专业PHA人力资源配置相对不公平的主要原因。Objective To analyze the fairness of human resource allocation in professional public health agency(PHA)in Guangdong Province in 2022.Methods Health technical staff,other technical staff,and management staff from PHAs in Guangdong Province,such as disease prevention and control centers,specialized disease prevention and treatment institutions,maternal and child health institutions,health education centers,emergency centers/stations,blood collection and supply institutions,health supervision agencies,and family planning service centers under health departments,were selected as the study subjects.Data on human resource allocation in PHAs were collected,and the Lorenz curve,Gini coefficient,and Theil index were used to analyze the fairness of personnel allocation based on three dimensions:year-end resident population,geographical area,and regional gross domestic product.Results The number of PHA personnel per 10000 population in four regions of the Pearl River Delta,eastern,western and mountain area in Guangdong Province was(7.49±3.74),(4.74±0.87),(8.73±1.67)and(10.33±1.80),respectively.There was no correlation between the per capita regional gross dumestic product of each prefecture level city and the number of PHA personnel(Spearman′s rank correlation coefficient=0.43,P>0.05).PHA resource allocation based on year-end resident population was more equitable than allocations based on geographical area or regional gross dumestic product,as indicated by the Lorenz curve being closest to the 45°standard line and the lowest Gini coefficient.The fairness of personnel allocation from high to low was ranked as follows:practicing(assistant)physicians,health technicians,registered nurses,managers personnel,and other technical personnel,with Theil indices of 0.0350,0.0364,0.0446,0.0484,and 0.0535,respectively.The differences in configuration fairness were derived from within group differences,with contribution rates of 76.0%,73.9%,71.8%,82.9%,and 92.2%.The Lorenz curve,Gini coefficient,and Theil index were consistent in

关 键 词：公共卫生机构 人力资源配置 洛伦兹曲线 基尼系数 泰尔指数 公平性 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]