青少年及成人水痘的流行情况与免疫策略进展  

Progress of varicella prevalence and immunization strategies in adolescents and adults

作　　者：戚小华[1] 郑舒涵 苏颖 罗锋 何寒青[1] Qi Xiaohua;Zheng Shuhan;Su Ying;Luo Feng;He Hanqing(Department of Immunization Program,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051,China;School of Public Health,Hangzhou Medical College,Hangzhou 310053,China;School of Public Health,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou 310053,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心免疫规划所,杭州310051 [2]杭州医学院公共卫生学院,杭州310053 [3]浙江中医药大学公共卫生学院,杭州310053

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2025年第1期116-122,共7页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究项目(LD22H190001)。

摘　　要：水痘是由水痘-带状疱疹病毒原发感染引起的一种常见急性传染病,以全身症状和皮肤黏膜出现斑疹、丘疹、疱疹为特征。水痘多见于儿童,但青少年及成年人感染后病情相对较重。随着以疫苗接种为基础的防控措施实施,我国水痘的发病年龄出现向高年龄组转移的现象,导致青少年及成人水痘病例增加。本文对国内外青少年和成人水痘的临床症状、流行病学特征以及免疫策略的研究进展进行综述,旨在深化对青少年和成人水痘防控的认识,为该人群免疫与防控策略制定提供参考,进一步促进水痘疫苗在全生命周期健康管理的重要作用。Varicella,often referred to as chickenpox,is a widespread acute infectious condition triggered by the varicella-zoster virus(VZV).It manifests with systemic symptoms and distinct skin and mucosal eruptions,including macules,papules,and vesicles.Although it mainly affects children,the disease is typically more severe in teenagers and adults.Following the adoption of vaccine-based control measures in China,there has been a noticeable trend of varicella affecting older demographics,leading to an uptick in cases among teenagers and adults.This review synthesizes the latest research on the clinical symptoms,epidemiological trends,and immunization strategies for varicella in these age groups,both domestic and aboard.The goal is to enhance strategies for prevention and control,support the development of tailored immunization policies,and underscore the critical role of the varicella vaccine in comprehensive health management across all ages.

关 键 词：水痘 青少年 成年人 流行特征 免疫策略 

分 类 号：R511.5[医药卫生—内科学]