吉林省中小学校卫生保健室设置及管理现状  

Establishment and management of health room in primary and secondary schools in Jilin Province

作　　者：王俏 杨淑娟[2] 张义全 张培彬 于淼 刘云娟 崔婷 WANG Qiao;YANG Shujuan;ZHANG Yiquan;ZHANG Peibin;YU Miao;LIU Yunjuan;CUI Ting(School Health Supervision and Guarantee Department,Jilin Provincial Health Comprehensive Supervision and Guarantee Center,Changchun(130062),Jilin Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]吉林省卫生健康综合监督保障中心学校卫生监督保障科,长春130062 [2]吉林大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第12期1681-1685,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解吉林省中小学校卫生(保健)室现状,为学校卫生资源配置的优化提供数据支撑。方法2023年4—7月,方便选取吉林省512所中小学校和1432名校医及保健教师进行电子问卷调查,内容包括学校基本情况、卫生(保健)室情况、人员设置、学校卫生工作开展情况等。结果512所学校中应设置卫生室的299所学校仅有6.4%有医疗机构执业许可证,卫生室面积达标率为16.6%,保健室面积达标率为75.0%。92.1%的中学和90.6%的小学已明确传染病疫情报告人且为在编人员,90.9%的小学和85.5%的中学为学生建档。73.5%的卫生(保健)室人员专业为师范类,卫生技术人员仅占17.9%。校医或保健教师中70.1%从事兼职工作,60.9%从事学校卫生工作≤5年。在急需培训提升的内容方面,排在前5位的分别是急救知识(79.7%)、传染病防治知识(73.3%)、健康教育(64.0%)、常见病诊断(60.1%)、心理咨询(53.6%)。结论吉林省中小学校卫生保健机构和设备设施配备不足,校医和保健教师队伍建设不健全。应加强对学校卫生工作的重视程度,合力优化校医和保健教师队伍。Objective To understand the current situation of health rooms in primary and secondary schools in Jilin Province,so as to provide the data support for scientific decision-making.Methods From April to July 2023,512 primary and secondary schools and 1432 school doctors and health care teachers were selected through convenience sampling method in Jilin Province to conduct an electronic questionnaire survey,including the basic information of the school,the situation of health rooms,personnel setting,and the development of school health work.Results Among the 512 schools,only 6.4% of the 299 schools that should have clinics had medical institution practice licenses.The compliance rate of clinic area was 16.6%,and the compliance rate of health room area was 75.0%.About 92.1% of the middle schools and 90.6% of the primary schools identified the reporters of infectious diseases,and 90.9% of the primary schools and 85.5% of the secondary schools filed files for students.Totally 73.5% of the staff in the health room were teachers,and only 17.9% were health professionals.Nearly 70.1% of school doctors or health care teachers were engaged in part-time jobs,and 60.9% engaged in school health for≤5 years.In terms of the content in urgent need of training and improvement,the top five were knowledge about first aid(79.7%),infectious disease prevention and treatment(73.3%),health education(64.0%),common disease diagnosis(60.1%)and psychological counseling(53.6%).Conclusions Health care institutions,equipment and facilities in primary and secondary schools in Jilin Province are inadequate,and the construction of school doctors and health care teachers is in need of improvement.It should pay more attention to school health and work together to optimize the team of school doctors and health care teachers.

关 键 词：卫生设施 卫生保健提供 卫生人员 组织和管理 

分 类 号：G627.8[文化科学—教育学] G478.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R193[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]