广东省中小学校卫生工作人员和卫生室配备情况  

Allocation of school health staff and clinics in primary and secondary schools in Guangdong Province

作　　者：金正格 陈怡灿 赵雨 章舒心 阿尔孜古丽·喀喀尔 谭恺韫 张婧姝 陈亚军[1,2] JIN Zhengge;CHEN Yican;ZHAO Yu;ZHANG Shuxin;KAKAER Aerziguli;TAN Kaiyun;ZHANG Jingshu;CHEN Yajun(School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou(510080),Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510080 [2]广东省中小学学校卫生专项调研组

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第12期1695-1698,1703,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：广东省中小学生健康教育现状调研与评估专项基金项目(51000-42240004)。

摘　　要：目的了解广东省中小学校卫生工作人员和卫生室配备基本情况,为进一步改进学校卫生相关工作提供参考。方法于2020年12月结合书面报送材料和现场调研2种方法,对广东省21个地市17205所中小学及学校卫生工作人员进行调查。采用SPSS 25.0软件对各地市和各类学校的卫生工作人员及卫生室配备情况进行统计分析。结果广东省学校卫生工作人员配比达标率为37.7%。在不同类型学校中,学校卫生工作人员配比达标率最低的为九年一贯制学校(33.1%),最高为十二年一贯制学校(61.3%)。全省17205所学校中,卫生室面积>40 m^(2)的占12.6%,具有医疗机构执业许可证的占6.9%。专职卫生人员配备率为39.1%;其中学校卫生工作人员的在编人员、临聘人员及派驻人员所占比例分别为47.5%,29.0%和23.6%。学校卫生工作人员中具有卫生专业执业资格人员报告率为44.9%;医学相关专业毕业人员报告率为48.3%;本科及以上第一学历人员报告率为20.9%。不同学校类型之间存在差距,其中小学的学校专职卫生人员报告率(24.0%)与具有专业执业资格卫生人员报告率(35.7%)均较低。结论广东省中小学校卫生工作人员配置及卫生室建设存在人员不足、专业水平不高的问题,且各类学校间不均衡;全省中小学校卫生室的配置亟待完善。Objective To understand the allocation of health staff and clinics in primary and secondary schools in Guangdong Province,so as to provide a reference for school health construction.Methods In December 2020,a total of 17205 primary and secondary schools in 21 cities in Guangdong Province were investigated by combining document verification and on-site surveys.The allocation of health staff and clinics in different cities and types of schools was analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software.Results The proportion of schools in Guangdong Province that met the national standard for school health staff ratio was 37.7%.Among different types of schools,the lowest ratio was found in nine-year schools(33.1%),while the highest was in twelve-year schools(61.3%).Among the 17205 schools in the province,12.6% had clinics with an area of>40 m^(2),and 6.9% with occupational licenses for medical institutions.The proportion of full-time health staff was 39.1%.Among all school health staffs,the proportions of permanent staff,temporary staff,and appointed staff were 47.5%,29.0% and 23.6%,respectively.The rate of school health staff with professional qualifications was 44.9%,while 48.3% had graduated from medical-related majors,and 20.9% held a bachelor's degree or higher as their first degree.There were differences among various types of schools,with primary schools having the lowest health staff configuration and professional level(24.0% and 35.7%,respectively).Conclusions There are still issues of insufficient staff and low professional level in health staff and establishment of clinics in primary and secondary schools in Guangdong Province,and the allocation is uneven across different types of schools.The allocation of clinics in the province is still in urgent need of improvement.

关 键 词：卫生人员 卫生保健提供 组织和管理 中小学生卫生保健服务 

分 类 号：G627.8[文化科学—教育学] G478.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R193[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]