学龄前儿童父母养育行为与其睡眠问题的关联  

Association between parenting behaviors and sleep problems in preschool children

作　　者：丁鹏 耿梦龙 伍晓艳[1,2,3] 陶舒曼 陶芳标[1,2,3] DING Peng;GENG Menglong;WU Xiaoyan;TAO Shuman;TAO Fangbiao(MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health across Life Cycle/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course,Anhui Medical University,Hefei(230032),Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/环境与人口健康安徽省重点实验室,合肥230032 [2]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系 [3]国家卫生健康委配子及生殖道异常研究重点实验室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第12期1747-1751,1756,共6页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81573168)。

摘　　要：目的分析学龄前儿童父母教养方式与其睡眠问题的关联,为促进儿童生长发育、改善父母养育行为提供决策支持。方法利用2017年10月在湖北、安徽、江苏3省11座城市抽取的27200名学龄前儿童家长问卷调查资料,其中父母养育行为采用父母行为问卷评定,儿童睡眠问题采用儿童睡眠习惯问卷评定。采用描述性统计和Logistic回归模型分析数据。结果学龄前儿童睡眠问题报告率为15.3%。调整混杂因素后,母亲敌意/强制的养育行为得分(中等水平:OR=1.38;高水平:OR=1.86)、父亲敌意/强制的养育行为得分(中等水平:OR=1.17;高水平:OR=1.59)与儿童睡眠问题均呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。3,4,5,6岁学龄前儿童父母敌意/强制的养育行为得分与睡眠问题均存在正向关联(母亲高水平:OR值分别为1.75,2.97,1.86,2.75;父亲高水平:OR值分别为1.79,1.91,1.69,1.79);4和5岁儿童父亲支持/参与的养育行为得分与儿童睡眠问题呈负相关(4岁儿童父亲中等水平:OR=0.84;5岁儿童父亲中等和高水平:OR值分别为0.84,0.82)(P值均<0.05)。母亲支持/参与和父亲敌意/强制得分均高水平时与儿童睡眠问题的发生呈正相关(OR=1.93),母亲敌意/强制和父亲支持/参与得分均高水平时与儿童睡眠问题的发生呈正相关(OR=1.93),父母敌意/强制的养育行为得分均为高水平时与儿童睡眠问题的发生呈正相关(OR=2.60)(P值均<0.05)。结论儿童睡眠问题与父母养育行为相关,特别是敌意/强制的养育行为会增加儿童睡眠问题发生风险。Objective To analyze the relationship between parenting behaviors and sleep problems of preschool children,so as to provide a strategic decision support for child growth and parenting behavior improvement.Methods Using the questionnaire data of 27200 preschool children parents selected from 11 cities in Hubei,Anhui and Jiangsu provinces in October 2017,parents'parenting behavior was assessed by Parent Behavior Inventory(PBI),and children's sleep problems were assessed by Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSHQ).Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Logistic regression models.Results The reporting rate of sleep problems among preschool children was 15.3%.After adjusting for confounding factors,maternal hostile/coercive parenting behavior scores(medium level:OR=1.38;high level:OR=1.86)and paternal hostile/coercive parenting behavior scores(medium level:OR=1.17;high level:OR=1.59)were positively correlated with sleep problems(P<0.05).Hostile/coercive parenting behaviors by their parents(maternal high level:the OR values were 1.75,2.97,1.86,and 2.75 respectively;paternal high level:OR values were 1.79,1.91,1.69,and 1.79 respectively)were positively associated with sleep problems in preschool children aged 3,4,5,and 6.Scores of parental support/engaged(fathers of 4-year-old children medium level:OR=0.84;fathers of 5-year-old children medium and high level:OR=0.84,0.82)were negatively correlated with children aged 4 and 5(P<0.05).High level maternal supportive/engaged and paternal hostile/coercive scores were positively associated with child sleep problems(OR=1.93);high level maternal hostile/coercive and paternal supportive/engaged scores were positively associated with child sleep problems(OR=1.93);high scores of parental hostile/coercive were positively correlated with child sleep problems(OR=2.60)(P<0.05).Conclusion Sleep problems among children are related to parenting behaviors,especially hostile/coercive parenting behaviors that increases the risk of sleep problems among children.

关 键 词：教育 行为 睡眠 精神卫生 法定监护人 儿童 学龄前 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G78[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] Q428[文化科学—教育学]