丹参药材干燥动力学研究及其干燥过程有效成分动态变化  

Drying kinetics of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and dynamics of active components in drying process

作　　者：李玉琴[1] 沙秀秀 张喆[1] 宿树兰[1] 倪亮[2] 郭盛[1] 严辉[1] 钱大玮[1] 段金廒[1] LI Yu-qin;SHA Xiu-xiu;ZHANG Zhe;SU Shu-lan;NI Liang;GUO Sheng;YAN Hui;QIAN Da-wei;DUAN Jin-ao(Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization,National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine,State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for TCM Formulae Research,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China;Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学江苏省中药资源产业化过程协同创新中心,中药资源产业化与方剂创新药物国家地方联合工程研究中心,国家中医药管理局中药资源循环利用重点研究室,江苏省方剂高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京210023 [2]南京中医药大学附属医院,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2025年第1期128-138,共11页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81973708,82274086)。

摘　　要：研究丹参药材干燥动力学特征,建立适宜的干燥动力学模型,并进一步评价不同干燥方法及其干燥过程中有效成分动态变化,以期为建立丹参药材适宜的干燥加工方法及其质量控制提供科学依据。通过干燥曲线、干燥速率、水分有效扩散系数以及干燥活化能等指标评价丹参药材干燥动力学特征,建立适宜的干燥动力学模型;采用热风干燥、红外干燥、微波干燥等不同干燥方法评价丹参适宜的干燥加工方法,并应用UPLC-TQ-MS联用技术分析干燥过程10种丹酚酸类成分和6种丹参酮类成分的动态变化,通过TOPSIS综合评价法研究不同干燥方法的丹参药材品质。结果表明,丹参的干燥速率和水分有效扩散系数随着干燥温度的升高而升高,不同干燥方法的最大干燥速率排序为微波干燥>红外干燥>热风干燥,切片>整根,干燥速率随着温度的升高和干燥时间的延长逐步降低;热风干燥法丹参的干燥活化能大于红外干燥。丹参干燥过程最适宜的动力学模型为Page模型;结合TOPSIS评价结果,50℃红外干燥为丹参药材最佳干燥方法。干燥过程丹参药材有效成分动态变化分析结果表明,在干燥过程中随着失水率的不断增加,丹酚酸类成分含量均不同程度的增加,其中丹酚酸B增加幅度最大,与新鲜药材相比,丹酚酸B含量增加了44倍。丹参酮类成分在丹参新鲜药材中亦存在,在干燥过程中均有不同程度的增加,其中丹参酮ⅡA含量干燥后增加了3倍。研究结果为丹参药材产地适宜干燥加工方法的建立及质量控制提供了科学依据和重要支撑。This study explored the drying kinetics of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(SM),established the suitable models simulating the drying kinetics,and then analyzed the dynamic changes of active components during the drying processes with different methods,aiming to provide a basis for the establishment of suitable drying methods and the quality control of SM.The drying kinetics were studied based on the drying curve,drying rate,moisture effective diffusion coefficient,and drying activation energy,and the appropriate drying kinetics model of SM was established.The drying performance of different methods,such as hot air drying,infrared drying,and microwave drying of SM was evaluated,and the changes in the content of 10 salvianolic acids and 6 tanshinones during drying were analyzed by UPLC-TQ-MS.The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)was employed to evaluate the quality of SM dried with different methods.The results showed that the drying rate and moisture effective diffusion coefficient of SM increased with the rise in drying temperature,and the maximum drying rates of different methods were in the order of microwave drying>infrared drying>hot air drying,slice>whole root.The drying rate decreased with the rise in temperature and the extension of drying time.The activation energy of hot air drying was higher than that of infrared drying in SM.The most suitable model for simulating the drying process of SM was the Page model.The TOPSIS results suggested infrared drying at 50℃was the optimal drying method for SM.During the drying process,the content of salvianolic acids increased in different degrees with the loss of moisture,among which salvianolic acid B showed the largest increase of 44 times compared with that in the fresh medicinal material.Tanshinones also existed in the fresh herb of SM,and the content of tanshinoneⅡ_A increased by 3 times after drying.The results provided a basis for the establishment of suitable drying methods and the quality control of SM.

关 键 词：丹参 干燥动力学 Page模型 丹酚酸 

分 类 号：R283[医药卫生—中药学]