长期运行厌氧氨氧化系统沿程不同形态污泥微生物群落结构及功能解析  

Deciphering the microbial community structure and function of sludge with different morphologies along the ANAMMOX reactor under long-term operation

作　　者：闫冰 聂含冰 付嘉琦[1,2,3] 韩佩 易其臻 桂双林 夏嵩[1,2,3] YAN Bing;NIE Han-bing;FU Jia-qi;HAN Pei;YI Qi-zhen;GUI Shuang-lin;XIA Song(Institute of Energy Research,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang 330096,China;Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Gas Accounting and Carbon Reduction of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330096,China;Jiangxi Carbon Neutralization Research Center,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院能源研究所,江西南昌330096 [2]温室气体核算与碳减排江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330096 [3]江西省碳中和研究中心,江西南昌330096

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第2期1052-1062,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(2022BBG71016);江西省科学院省级财政项目-杰出青年人才培育计划(2023YSBG50010,2022YSBG500006);江西省科学院省级包干制项目(2022YJC2009,2022YSBG21010)。

摘　　要：为深入理解厌氧氨氧化系统沿程微生物群落特征,考察了长期运行的升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)厌氧氨氧化系统沿程方向上不同形态污泥微生物群落多样性、结构、物种网络及功能特征.结果表明,厌氧氨氧化系统沿程方向上不同形态污泥An AOB基因丰度存在显著差异(P<0.05),底部颗粒污泥(KL)中An AOB基因丰度为2.12×1010copies/gVSS,显著高于系统沿程其它形态污泥(P<0.05);沿程方向上不同形态污泥微生物多样性存在显著差异(P<0.05),但未呈现出明显的变化规律.不同形态污泥优势菌门(相对丰度>1%)为绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota),相对丰度排名前10的菌属为norank_f__norank_o__SBR1031、Candidatus_Kuenenia、norank_f__Anaerolineaceae、Nitrosomonas、Limnobacter、norank_f__PHOS-HE36、Denitratisoma、Denitratisoma和OLB13norank_f__A4b,相对丰度在不同样品间存在显著差异(P<0.05);沿程方向不同形态污泥微生物群落结构间存在显著差异(P=0.001).网络分析发现,不同形态污泥微生物网络结构和拓扑性质存在差异,其中沉淀池内絮状泥(CD)、出水管内生物膜(XK)的平均度和中心紧密度高于沿程其他样品,微生物群落间具有更紧密的关联性.PICRUSt2分析发现,与代谢相关的通路功能基因丰度明显大于其他功能基因丰度,并且沿程不同形态污泥间代谢功能基因丰度存在显著差异(P<0.05),氮素代谢功能基因hao相对丰度远高于norB,同时narG基因丰度是nirS丰度的20.8~733.9倍,系统内部分亚硝化和部分反硝化功能活跃.厌氧氨氧化系统沿程方向上不同形态污泥微生物群落存在明显的异质性特征,但未呈现出明显的规律性.To understand the characteristics of microbial communities along the anaerobic ammonia oxidation(ANAMMOX)system,this study explored the diversity,structure,species network,and functional features of microbial communities in sludge with different morphologies along the flow direction in a long-term operated up-flow anaerobic sludge bed(UASB)ANAMMOX system.The results showed significant differences(P<0.05)in the abundance of AnAOB genes in sludge with different morphologies along the anaerobic ammonia oxidation system.The abundance of AnAOB genes in the bottom granular sludge(KL)was 2.12×1010copies/g VSS,which was significantly higher(P<0.05)than that in sludge with other morphologies along the system.There were significant differences(P<0.05)in the microbial diversity of sludge with different morphologies along the system,but no obvious change patterns were observed.The dominant bacterial phyla(relative abundance>1%)in sludge with different morphologies were Chloroflexi,Planctomycota,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidota,Acidobacteriota,and Actinobacteriota.The top 10genera in terms of relative abundance were norank_f_norank_o_SBR1031,Candidatus_Kuenenia,norank_f_Anaerolineaceae,Nitrosomonas,Limnobacteriota,norank_f_PHOS-HE36,Denitratisoma,Denitratisoma,and OLB13norank_f_A4b.There were significant differences(P<0.05)in relative abundance among different samples.There were significant differences(P=0.001)in the microbial community structure of sludge with different morphology along the process.Network analysis found differences in the structure and topological properties of microbial networks among different morphologies of sludge.Specifically,the average degree and center tightness of flocculent sludge in sedimentation tank(CD)and biofilm in the effluent pipe(XK)were higher than those in other samples along the system,indicating a closer correlation among microbial communities.PICRUSt2analysis revealed that the abundance of functional genes related to metabolic pathways was significantly higher than that of other functiona

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 污泥形态 微生物群落 共生网络 PICRUSt2软件 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]