基层形式主义的生成机理——基于行政发包异化的视角  

Generation Mechanism of Grassroots Bureaucratic Formality Discussed from the Perspective of Administrative Subcontracting Alienation

作　　者：陈平 贾浩霖 Chen Ping;Jia Haolin(School of Politics and Public Administration,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学政治与公共管理学院,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《东方论坛—青岛大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期146-156,共11页Eastern Forum(JOURNAL OF QINGDAO UNIVERSITY)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“新型隐性腐败的治理策略研究”(24CDJ080);山东省社会科学规划研究项目“自我革命视阈下新型隐性腐败的治理策略研究”(24CDJJ04)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：基层形式主义破坏了政策的有效执行,扭曲了基层政府与民众之间的信任关系,进而削弱了社会治理效能和公共服务质量,其根源在于行政发包的异化。在中国场域中,行政发包制主要依靠政治激励、行政激励与经济激励运行,其异化主要表现在政治激励的异化、行政激励的矛盾以及经济激励的困境三个维度。政治激励的异化体现在人格化问责与以结果导向的绩效考核上;行政激励的矛盾表现在上下级权责不明确与基层政府的自由裁量权上;经济激励的困境显露在基层政府的财政不足以及财政资金自筹方面。三个维度的异化与负向强化,加剧了基层形式主义现象的发生。针对上述问题,希冀于将过程性监督引入并强化有限问责、健全落实权力清单制度以及完善财政收入分配和财政监督机制,旨在从根本上解决政治、行政、经济三维度存在的激励异化问题,以有效遏制基层形式主义的滋生。The pervasive phenomenon of bureaucratic formalism undermines the effective implementation of policies,distorts the trust relationship between grassroots governments and the public,and ultimately weakens social governance effectiveness and the quality of public services.Its root cause lies in the distortion of the administrative contracting system.In the Chinese context,the administrative contracting system primarily operates through political incentives,administrative incentives,and economic incentives.Its alienation mainly manifests itself in the distortion of political incentives,the contradiction of administrative incentives,and the predicament of economic incentives in three dimensions.The distortion of political incentives is manifested in the personality-based accountability and result-oriented performance evaluation.The contradiction of administrative incentives is manifested in the unclear division of authority and responsibility between upper and lower levels of governments and the discretionary power of grassroots governments.The predicament of economic incentives is revealed in the insufficient fiscal resources and fiscal fundraising of grassroots governments.The three dimensions of distortion and negative reinforcement exacerbate the occurrence of bureaucratic formalism.To address these issues,it is hoped that process-based supervision will be introduced into evaluation and that limited accountability will be strengthened,a power list system will be established,and fiscal income distribution and fiscal supervision mechanisms will be improved,with the aim of fundamentally solving the incentive distortion problems in the political,administrative,and economic dimensions and effectively curbing the proliferation of bureaucratic formalism.

关 键 词：基层政府 形式主义 行政发包制 政治激励 行政激励 经济激励 

分 类 号：D262.3[政治法律—政治学]