考虑地球压力的中国发展质量测评与时空特征  

Evaluation of China’s Development Quality and Spatio-temporal Characteristics Considering Earth Pressure

作　　者：张继宏[1] 李慧娟 ZHANG Jihong;LI Huijuan(Institute of Quality Development Strategy,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学质量发展战略研究院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《国土资源科技管理》2025年第1期1-15,共15页Scientific and Technological Management of Land and Resources

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(21YJAZH113);国家自然科学基金面上项目(72174151)。

摘　　要：联合国人类发展指数从“以人为本”的发展观转向强调“人与自然生态”融合的发展观,与我国高质量发展的内容高度一致。对联合国提出的考虑地球压力调整的人类发展指数进行拓展,构建健康、教育、收入、二氧化碳排放、物质足迹、海洋生态系统保护、森林生态系统保护和湿地生态系统保护共8个维度的发展质量测评体系,同时分为过程性测评体系与结果性测评体系,以测度发展质量效益,对2010年、2015年和2020年中国30个省(区、市)进行评价分析。测评结果:①无论是过程性测评体系还是结果性测评体系,经发展质量指数调整后,大部分省域发展质量水平均出现了下降。并且中国各省域发展质量不均衡,2010年过程性测评体系下极低发展质量水平省域比结果性测评多9个,至2020年两种测评方式下所有省域均未达到高发展质量水平。②2010-2020年,虽然各个省域之间的投入产出差距收窄,但内蒙古、新疆和甘肃等9个省域处于低投入低产出区域,河南、山东和天津等7个省域处于高投入低产出区域,覆盖中国63%以上的人口,需进一步考虑提高发展效率。The United Nations Human Development Index had shifted from a people-centered development perspective to one that emphasized the integration of humans and natural ecology,which was highly consistent with the content of China’s high-quality development.Based on the United Nations Human Development Index,which took into account Earth’s pressure adjustments,a development quality evaluation system was constructed with eight dimensions:health,education,income,carbon dioxide emissions,material footprint,marine ecosystem protection,forest ecosystem protection,and wetland ecosystem protection.The system was divided into a process-oriented evaluation system and an outcome-oriented evaluation system to measure the quality and efficiency of development.A evaluation and analysis was constructed on 30 provinces and cities in China for the years 2010,2015 and 2020.The results were as follows:(1)After adjustment of the development quality index,the levels of development quality most provinces showed a decline under both the process-oriented evaluation system and the outcome-oriented evaluation system.The development quality across provinces in China was uneven.In 2010,there were 9 more provinces with extremely low levels of development quality under the process-oriented evaluation system than under the outcome-oriented evaluation system,and by 2020,none of the provinces had reached a high levels of development quality under both evaluation systems;(2)From 2010 to 2020,although the input-output gap between provinces narrowed,nine provinces,including Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang and Gansu,were still in the low-input and low-output region,and seven provinces,including Henan,Shandong and Tianjin,were in the high-input and low-output region,covering more than 63%of China’s population.Therefore,There further consideration needs to be given to improving development efficiency.

关 键 词：人类发展指数 发展质量 质量测评 

分 类 号：X820[环境科学与工程—环境工程]