论宋代法律与辞赋的互动  

On the Interaction between Law and Cifu Writings in the Song Dynasty

作　　者：丁涵 Ding Han

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院

出　　处：《文学与文化》2024年第4期14-28,共15页Literature and Culture Studies

基　　金：2020年全国高等院校古籍整理研究工作委员会直接资助项目(2014)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：宋代是法律儒家化过程的总结时代,其法制文明成就颇高,且特色鲜明。当此之际,大量承载着宋代儒法合流思想或反映当时法制生态的辞赋应运而生。宋人从法律的设计者、施行者、拥护者、反对者、得益者、获咎者的多重视角出发,运用赋体文学体裁形成一套相应的文学表述模式。其核心内容涉及维护皇权、改革官制、攻讦政敌、调节经济、解决民讼等多个方面,渗透了天人相与、德主刑辅、保民而王、以孝为先等诸种儒家思想。宋代涉法辞赋的议理化和典正化,并非纯粹的文学创新,而是与两宋的儒学复兴、法典成熟、法律教育的普及和专门化、科举考赋的程式化息息相关。这些因素为宋赋论法提供了话语依据和材料基础;同时,相关宋赋可被视作一面文学镜像,微妙和生动地折射出在法令和法律文书之外,与儒法一体的制度、思想、技术发展相适应的文学新变。Confucianism-based law system gradually settled in the Song Dynasty,with highly civilized legal achievements and the distinctive features.A huge number of cifu writings reflecting the ideological combination of Confucianism and law and legal practices in the Song dynasty emerged during this period.Fu style as a literary genre was applied to form a set of corresponding legal expressions from the multiple perspectives of the designers,practitioners,supporters,and objectors,beneficiaries,and offenders of the laws.Its involved many aspects such as the safeguard of imperial power,refom of the bureaucratic establishment,attack on political opponents,adjustment of economy,and settlement of civil litigation,full of permeating Confucianism in terms of harmony between heaven and man,morality cultivation over penalty,protection of people for the rulers,and filial piety on the top list.The argumentation and orthodoxy of cifu style documents in the Song dynasty was not purely literary innovation.It was closely related to the revival of Confucianism in the Song dynasty,as well as the maturity of law codes,popularization and specialization of education on laws and regulations,and standardization of imperial examination.All these factors provided the reliable discourses and basic lingual materials.In the meantime,Song fu related here can be viewed as a literary mirror,reflecting the new literary changes with the development of the Confucianism-law system,ideology,and technology,in addition to their decrees and legal documents.

关 键 词：儒学复兴 法制建设 法律儒家化 科举考赋 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]