05Cr12NiMoCuV合金钢抽油杆热处理断裂机理分析  

Analysis of FractureMechanismof 05Cr12NiMoCuVAlloy Steel Sucker Rods after Heat Treatment

作　　者：李勇[1] 林继兴 张俊平[1] 王坤[1] 王豪特 刘敬祺 缪星旭 LI Yong;LIN Jixing;ZHANG Junping;WANG Kun;WANG Haote;LIU Jingqi;MIAO Xingxu(Zhejiang Industry&Trade Vocational College,Wengzhou 325003,China;Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325027,China;Zhejiang Ruizhi Steel Co.,Ltd,Wenzhou 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工贸职业技术学院,浙江温州325003 [2]温州医科大学,浙江温州325027 [3]浙江睿智钢业有限公司,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《浙江工贸职业技术学院学报》2024年第4期62-67,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Industry & Trade Vocational College

基　　金：温州市重大科技创新攻关项目(ZG2021016)。

摘　　要：为分析05Cr12NiMoCuV合金钢抽油杆在热处理空冷过程中出现矫直断裂的原因和机理,通过成分分析、硬度检测、金相检验和断口扫描电镜观察,并结合JMatPro软件模拟计算分析,结果表明,05Cr12NiMoCuV合金钢为空冷淬火马氏体钢,在845℃加热空冷时进行热拉矫直工序,淬火加热温度偏低、没有安排回火处理以消除应力和稳定组织、在淬火组织转变过程中进行矫直,是杆体断裂的主要原因。其断口组织主要由淬火马氏体、极少量的铁素体加细小分布的碳化物或金属化合物组成。淬火加热温度偏低导致碳化物或金属化合物没有充分固溶于奥氏体中,从而使抽油杆心部与边缘部位出现组织不均匀现象,心部碳化物或金属化合物聚集偏多,容易出现应力集中;淬火组织未经回火处理很不稳定,存在较大的淬火应力,这些因素都会降低杆体强度尤其是心部区域强度并影响杆体在矫直过程中的受力表现。要解决此断杆问题,可通过规范05Cr12NiMoCuV合金钢抽油杆的生产工序、提高淬火加热温度至890℃、增加回火过程,然后进行热矫直即可。In order to analyze the causes and mechanisms of straightening fracture of 05Cr12NiMoCuV alloy steel sucker rods during the air cooling after heat treatment,a series of tests such as composition analysis,hardness testing,metallographic examination,and fracture observation of SEM combined with the simulation calculation analysis of JMatPro were carried out.The results shows that 05Cr12NiMoCuV steel as an air-cooled quenched martensitic steel,should undergo a hot drawing straightening process when heated to air cooling at 845℃,and the main reasons for the fracture of the rod are the low quenching heating temperature,no tempering treatment to eliminate stress and stabilize the structure,and straightening during the quenching process.The fracture structure is mainly composed of quenched martensite,a small amount of ferrite,and finely diffused carbides or metal compounds;The low quenching heating temperature leads to insufficient solid solution of alloy carbides in austenite,resulting in unhomogeneous microstructure between the center and edge of the sucker rod.The accumulation of carbides or metal compounds in the center is too high,which can easily lead to stress concentration;The quenched structure is unstable without tempering treatment,which means existing a significant quenching stresses reducing the strength of the rod and affecting its stress performance during the straightening process.To solve the problem of broken rod,the production process of 05Cr12NiMoCuV steel sucker rods should be standardized,the quenching and heating temperature should be increased to 890℃,the tempering process can be added before the hot straightening.

关 键 词：05Cr12NiMoCuV合金钢 抽油杆 热处理 断裂 矫直 金相组织 

分 类 号：TG142.33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG162.7[金属学及工艺—金属材料]