不同有机肥用量及比例对赤苍藤产量和品质的影响  

Effect on the Yield and Quality of Erythropalum scandens Bl.under Different Dose and Proportion of Organic Fertilizers

作　　者：王艺锦 郭品湘[2,3] 杨敏 马道承 王凌晖 杜佩莲[4] WANG Yijin;GUO Pinxiang;YANG Min;MA Daocheng;WANG Linghui;DU Peilian(School of Architecture Engineering,Guangxi University of Nationalities,Nanning,Guangxi 530006,China;College of Forestry,Guangxi University/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation/Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China,College of Forestry,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China;Shaoguan City Technician College,Shaoguan,Guangdong 512023,China;Gaofeng State-owned Forest Farm in Guangxi Province,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学建筑工程学院,广西南宁530006 [2]广西大学林学院/广西森林生态与保育重点实验室/国家林草局中南速生材繁育重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [3]韶关市技师学院,广东韶关512023 [4]广西国有高峰林场,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2024年第12期13-21,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：广西民族大学科研基金资助项目(No.2024MDZQ012);广西林业科技项目(No.桂林科研[2021]16号);南宁树木园林下木本蔬菜种植技术研究与示范基金项目(No.南宁树木园科字2018-1号)。

摘　　要：赤苍藤(Erythropalum scandens Bl.)是中国南方一种具有较高食用和药用价值的叶菜。因其一直被视为野生蔬菜,对其施肥后产量和品质的研究还较少。为探究适宜其苗期产量及品质提升的有机肥配施方法,以2年生赤苍藤扦插苗为研究对象,对不同用量和比例的鸡粪和牛粪处理下赤苍藤植株平均产量、糖酸比、可滴定酸含量、粗蛋白含量、抗坏血酸含量、茶多酚含量、硝酸盐含量、总黄酮含量和全氮、全磷、全钾等进行了研究,旨在找出最佳的施肥处理。结果表明,与CK组相比,适当施肥可提高赤苍藤的平均产量,同时促进其生长和大量元素的积累。施用有机肥后各营养成分含量均高于CK组,并随着施肥过程不断积累。所有施肥处理中,T_(6)处理(0.8 kg/株鸡粪+1.2 kg/株牛粪)下的赤苍藤植株产量最高,品质最好。但施肥过程中硝酸盐会积累于可食用部位中,过量施肥下赤苍藤植株硝酸盐含量甚至超过食品安全标准。Erythropalum scandens Bl.is a kind of leafy vegetable with high edible and medicinal value inhabiting southern China.However,there are few studies of its yield and quality after fertilization because it is regarded as a wild leafy-vegetable.In this study,2-year-old E.scandens-cut seedlings were used to determine several indices in response to different ratios of chicken manure to cow manure(plant average yields;sugar acid ratio;and the contents of titratable acid,crude protein,ascorbic acid,tea polyphenol,nitrate,total flavones,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,and other nutrient contents),to find a proper method during the seedling stage.The results showed that,compared with the control treatment,proper fertilization improved the average yield,growth,and macroelement accumulation of E.scandens compared with the control group.The contents of various nutrients were higher than those in the control and accumulated with the organic fertilizers application.The seedlings in the T_(6) treatment(0.8 kg·plant^(-1) chicken manure+1.2 kg·plant^(-1) cow manure)had the highest yield and the best quality among all the fertilization treatments.However,nitrate accumulates in edible parts during the fertilization process,and excessive fertilization results in a high nitrate content in E.scandens seedlings,which is even higher than the food safety standard.

关 键 词：赤苍藤 木本蔬菜 有机肥 鸡粪 牛粪 产量和品质 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]