喀什地区妇女高危型HPV感染高危因素分析及三联教育干预效果评价  

Investigation of High-risk HPV Infection in Kashgar and Evaluation of Health Awareness Education Intervention

作　　者：阿斯木古丽·克力木 玛伊热·安外尔 杨秀玮[1] 牛刚[2] Kelimu Asimuguli;Anwaier Mayire;YANG Xiuwei;NIU Gang(Gynecology Center of the First People's Hospital of Kashgar,Kashgar Prefecture 844000,China;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]喀什地区第一人民医院妇科中心,新疆喀什844000 [2]中山大学附属第一医院妇科,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中山大学学报(医学科学版)》2025年第1期98-106,共9页Journal of Sun Yat-Sen University:Medical Sciences

基　　金：省部共建中亚高发病成因与防治国家重点实验室开放课题(SKL-HIDCA-2020-KS11);喀什地区第一人民医院“珠江学者·天山英才”合作专家工作室创新团队计划(KDYY202025)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究喀什地区妇女宫颈高危型HPV感染现状,分析其相关危险因素,并对近3年阳性患者进行随访及健康教育认知干预,以评估干预效果,提升妇女对宫颈HPV筛查的认知水平,降低宫颈癌发病率。【方法】本研究随机选取了2021年1月至2023年6月期间参加我院健康体检HPV筛查的喀什地区妇女571例。采用PCRRDB法检测高危型HPV-DNA,依据检测结果将受试者分为HPV阴性组和HPV阳性组,并分析其感染情况及相关危险因素。此外,对筛查时检测为高危型HPV阳性的妇女进行随访,评估健康管理干预效果。【结果】2021年至2023年间,喀什地区妇女高危型HPV阳性率呈逐年下降趋势,分别为19.15%、16.43%和11.30%(P<0.001),累计检测出3921例(16.13%)高危型HPV阳性病例。维吾尔族女性的感染率显著高于汉族及其他少数民族(P<0.05)。危险因素包括年龄、初次性行为年龄、性伴侣数量、避孕方式及阴道炎症史(P<0.05)。健康管理干预显著提高了研究对象的宫颈癌预防认知评分和自愿接种HPV疫苗比例(P<0.05)。【结论】喀什地区妇女高危型HPV感染率较高,以单一感染HPV-16型、HPV-52型及混合感染HPV-16型+HPV-52型、HPV-16型+HPV-58型为主。初次性行为年龄、性伴侣数量、避孕方式和阴道炎症史是高危型HPV感染的危险因素。通过三联教育干预有效降低了喀什地区宫颈癌发病率,提高了基层诊治规范及卫生监督水平。【Objective】To investigate the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection among women in Kashgar area,analyze related risk factors,conduct follow-up and health education interventions for positive cases in the past three years,and assess intervention outcomes to improve HPV screening awareness and reduce cervical cancer incidence.【Methods】This study randomly selected 571 women from Kashgar who underwent HPV screening as part of a health check-up in the First People’s Hospital of Kashgar between January 2021 and June 2023.High-risk HPV-DNA was detected using the PCR-RDB method.Based on the test results,participants were divided into HPV-negative and HPV-positive groups,and the infection rates and associated risk factors were analyzed.Additionally,follow-up was conducted for women who tested positive for high-risk HPV during the screening to assess the effectiveness of health management interventions.【Results】From 2021 to 2023,the high-risk HPV positive rate among women in Kashgar showed a year-on year decline,recorded at 19.15%,16.43%,and 11.30%,respectively(P<0.001),with a total of 3,921 cases(16.13%)testing positive for high-risk HPV during this period.Uyghur women had a significantly higher infection rate compared with those of Han nationality and other ethnic minorities(P<0.05).Risk factors included age,age at first sexual activity,number of sexual partners,contraceptive methods,and a history of vaginal inflammation(P<0.05).Health management interventions significantly improved participants’awareness scores regarding cervical cancer prevention and the proportion of women voluntarily receiving HPV vaccination(P<0.05).【Conclusions】High-risk HPV infection among Uyghur women in Kashgar area is relatively high,with single infection of HPV-16 and HPV-52 and mixed infections of HPV-16+HPV 52 and HPV-16+HPV-58 being predominant.Risk factors include age at first sexual activity,number of sexual partners,contraceptive methods,and history of vaginal inflammation.Through triple-education interventions,the in

关 键 词：喀什地区 高危型HPV 感染现状 危险因素 干预 评价 

分 类 号：R737.33[医药卫生—肿瘤]