黑龙江省乡镇卫生院人员公共卫生知识与技能培训效果评价及其影响因素  

Evaluation and Influencing Factors of Public Health Knowledge and Skill Training Effectiveness for Staff at Township Health Centers in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：诸葛瑞倩 吴群红[1] 张鑫 高珊珊 王雨璇 王群凯 ZHUGE Ruiqian(College of Health Management,Harbin Medical University,Harbin,Heilongjiang,150081,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学卫生管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《医学与社会》2025年第1期62-69,86,共9页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目,编号为72361137562。

摘　　要：目的:分析黑龙江省乡镇卫生院人员对公共卫生知识与技能培训效果的评价及其影响因素,为提升乡镇卫生院人员的公共卫生与技能培训质量提供参考。方法:于2023年10-11月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法对黑龙江省乡镇卫生院人员进行问卷调查,运用logistic回归分析研究乡镇卫生院人员公共卫生知识与技能培训效果评价的影响因素。结果:共获得有效问卷5893份,其中48.9%的被调查者对公共卫生知识与技能培训效果的评价处于较低水平。影响培训效果评价的9个显著性因素分别是:学历(OR=1.232)、公共卫生知识储备(OR=2.056)、公共卫生实践技能(OR=2.485)、工学矛盾突出导致缺乏学习时间(OR=1.444)、薪资满意度低(OR=3.869)、缺乏培训规划和细则(OR=1.384)、培训内容和需求不匹配(OR=1.216)、未实施公共卫生知识与技能培训绩效考核(OR=1.872)和缺乏参与培训的激励机制(OR=1.149)。结论:黑龙江省乡镇卫生院人员公共卫生知识与技能培训效果评价受到多方面因素的影响。建议从提高受训者的能力、动机、机会方面入手,完善培训的规划、内容和激励机制,提升培训的针对性、有效性和持续性,以提高乡镇卫生院人员的公共卫生素养和服务水平。Objective:To analyze the evaluation of public health knowledge and skills training effectiveness among staff at township health centers in Heilongjiang province,so as to identify influencing factors,and to provide references for enhancing the quality of public health knowledge and skills training for these personnel.Methods:From October to November 2023,a questionnaire survey was conducted among staff at township health centers in Heilongjiang province through multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method.The logistic regression analysis was employed to study the factors affecting the evaluation of public health knowledge and skill training effectiveness.Results:A total of 5893 valid questionnaires were collected,with 48.9%of respondents reporting low evaluations of public health knowledge and skills training effectiveness.Nine significant predictive factors impacting training outcome evaluations were identified including educational level(OR=1.232),public health knowledge reserve(OR=2.056),public health practical skills(OR=2.485),lack of learning time due to prominent work-study conflicts(OR=1.444),low salary satisfaction(OR=3.869),absence of training planning and details(OR=1.384),mismatch between training content and demands(OR=1.216),no implementation of performance assessment for public health knowledge and skills training(OR=1.872),and lack of an incentive mechanism for participation in training(OR=1.149).Conclusion:Evaluations of public health knowledge and skills training effectiveness among staff at township health centers in Heilongjiang province are influenced by various factors.It is recommended that efforts should be focused on enhancing trainees'capabilities,motivation and opportunities.Measures including improving training planning,content and incentive mechanisms,and increasing the relevance,effectiveness and sustainability of training should be taken to promote the public health literacy and service levels of personnel at township health centers.

关 键 词：乡镇卫生院 公共卫生 培训效果 影响因素 黑龙江 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生] R193.2