中国和意大利错误生命侵权损害赔偿的比较与启示  

Comparative Study and Implications of Wrongful Life Tort Damages Compensation in China and Italy

作　　者：金惠莹 JIN Huiying(College of Comparative Law,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing,100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学比较法学研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《医学与社会》2025年第1期103-109,共7页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目,编号为22CFX073。

摘　　要：错误生命案件是医疗损害领域的关注焦点。当前,我国司法实践中屡次出现错误生命案件,但由于相关制度缺失、司法裁判不统一等原因,无法满足胎儿利益保护的现实要求,亟需对错误生命案件适用规则作出新的思考与审视。意大利权威司法判例合理论证胎儿的诉讼主体地位,并在侵权责任框架下厘清错误生命案件的损害事实与因果关系,赋予胎儿以损害赔偿请求权,是可供借鉴的比较法经验。对此,我国应采取法律解释等方法明确胎儿损害赔偿请求权基础,同时进一步完善对残疾人的司法救济、社会保障与医疗服务,实现对胎儿利益的全面保护。The lawsuit of wrongful life is a focal point in the realm of medical damages.Currently,wrongful life cases have repeatedly emerged in China's judicial practice,but due to a lack of relevant systems and inconsistent judicial rulings,it fails to meet the realistic needs for protecting the interests of fetuses.There is an urgent need for new thinking and scrutiny of the applicable rules in wrongful life cases.Italy's authoritative judicial precedents provide a rational basis for the fetus's status as a litigating subject and clarify the facts of damage and causation within the framework of tort liability,granting fetuses the right to claim compensation for damages.It's an experience that can serve as a reference for comparative law.In this regard,China should adopt legal interpretations and other methods to clarify the foundation of the fetus's right to claim damages,while also further improving judicial relief,social security,and medical services for persons with disabilities,to achieve comprehensive protection of fetal interests.

关 键 词：卫生法 错误生命 侵权损害赔偿 中国 意大利 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生] R197.1