烷基磷酸酯钾盐碳链长度对油剂及涤纶短纤维性能的影响  

Effect of carbon chain length of alkyl phosphate potassium salt on properties of spinning finishes and polyester staple fibers

作　　者：刘佩 陈贝 史利梅 陈海燕 杨童童 李娜 LIU Pei;CHEN Bei;SHI Limei;CHEN Haiyan;YANG Tongtong;LI Na(Research Institute of SINOPEC Yizheng Chemical Fiber Co.,Ltd.,Yizheng 211900)

机构地区：[1]中国石化仪征化纤有限责任公司研究院,江苏仪征211900

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2025年第1期7-12,共6页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：中石化科技开发项目(24-KY37)。

摘　　要：采用短碳链的C_(12-14)烷基磷酸酯替代部分长碳链的C_(18)烷基磷酸酯钾盐复配涤纶短纤维后纺油剂,试制1.33 dtex×38 mm涤纶短纤维,并进行纺纱,考察烷基磷酸酯钾盐碳链长度对后纺油剂乳液稳定性、涤纶短纤维的抗衰减性及纤维纺纱性能的影响。结果表明:采用短碳链的C_(12-14)烷基磷酸酯替代部分长碳链的C_(18)烷基磷酸酯钾盐,得到的含短碳链烷基磷酸酯钾盐的油剂(短碳链Ⅱ)与原来的长碳链烷基磷酸酯钾盐油剂(长碳链Ⅰ)的pH值相当,但短碳链Ⅱ乳液的紫外透过率高达80.8%,且乳液7 d内无沉淀;采用长碳链Ⅰ制得的涤纶短纤维的平滑性和抱合性好,而采用短碳链Ⅱ制得的涤纶短纤维的抗静电性和抗衰减性更好,放置28 d后断裂强度下降率仅0.65%;采用长碳链Ⅰ和短碳链Ⅱ制得的涤纶短纤维纺制的细纱断裂强力分别为498.8,477.0 N,毛羽指数(3 mm)分别为1.66、1.47。Alkyl phosphate with short carbon chain C_(12-14) was used to partially replace alkyl phosphate potassium salt with long carbon chain C_(18) to compound spinning finishes for polyester staple fibers,which was applied in the trial production of 1.33 dtex×38 mm polyester staple fiber and yarn manufacture.The effect of the carbon chain length of alkyl phosphate potassium salt on the stability of spinning finishes and the anti-attenuation performance and spinning performance of polyester staple fiber was investigated.The results showed that the pH value of the spinning finish short carbon chainⅡcontaining alkyl phosphate with short carbon chain was equivalent to that of the spinning finish long carbon chainⅠcontaining alkyl phosphate potassium salt with long carbon chain,but the ultraviolet transmittance of short carbon chainⅡemulsion was as high as 80.8%,and no precipitation was found in the emulsion within 7 d;the polyester staple fibers prepared using long carbon chainⅠhad good smoothness and cohesion,while the polyester staple fibers prepared short carbon chainⅡhad better anti-static and anti-attenuation performance,with a decrease rate of only 0.65%in breaking strength after 28 d of storage;and the yarns spun from the polyester staple fibers prepared using long carbon chainⅠand short carbon chainⅡexhibited the breaking strength of 498.8 and 477.0 N and the hairiness index(3 mm)of 1.66 and 1.47,respectively.

关 键 词：涤纶短纤维 油剂 烷基磷酸酯钾盐 乳液稳定性 抗衰减性 纺纱性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.21[化学工程—化纤工业]