生态修复工程对排水沟细菌群落结构特征的影响  

Effects of Ecological Restoration Project on the Structure Characteristics ofBacterial Community in Drainage Ditches

作　　者：王楚尤 邱小琮[2] 尹娟[1] 倪成 WANG Chu-you;QIU Xiao-cong;YIN Juan;NI Cheng(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;School of Life Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学生命科学学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2025年第2期50-59,共10页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(水利工程)项目(NXYLXK2021A03)。

摘　　要：细菌是水生态环境的重要组成部分,细菌群落结构会随着环境因子的变化而产生变化,同时也对水环境有着反作用。为探究生态修复工程对排水沟水体和沉积物微生物群落结构的影响,于2021年8月(工程实施前)、2021年12月、2022年5月及2022年7月进行水体和沉积物样品采集调查,测定水体中8种理化因子(pH、电导率、盐度、总氮、COD_(Mn)、COD_(Cr)、总磷及F^(-))含量,通过16S rDNA高通量测序,分析第五排水沟水体及沉积物细菌群落结构特征,并探究其与水体理化因子间的响应关系。结果表明,生态修复工程实施后,水体电导率、盐度、总氮、总磷、COD_(Mn)及COD_(Cr)显著降低,水质得到改善。水体细菌物种多样性指数增加,群落丰度提高,均匀度提高,优势菌门、细菌群落结构组成存在显著变化,优势菌门Proteobacteria和Bacteroidetes等相对丰度增加,Cyanobacteria相对丰度减少。沉积物细菌优势菌门在生态修复工程实施前后无明显变化,为Proteobacteria、Bacteroidetes和Desulfobacterota,生态修复工程实施后Proteobacteria相对丰度增加,Bacteroidetes、Desulfobacterota相对丰度减少。沉积物细菌物种多样性和丰富度、均匀度高于水体,时空分布也存在较大差异。TP和F^(-)是水体细菌群落结构的主要影响因子,盐度、TP和COD_(Mn)是沉积物细菌群落结构的主要影响因子。Bacteria are an important part of the aquatic ecological environment,and the bacterial community structure will change with the change of environmental factors,and it also has a counter-effect on the aquatic environment.In order to explore the impact of ecological restoration project on the microbial community structure of drainage ditch water and sediments,water and sediment samples were collected and investigated in August 2021(before the implementation of the project),December 2021,May 2022 and July 2022,and the contents of eight physical and chemical factors(pH,conductivity,salinity,total nitrogen,COD_(Mn),COD_(Cr),total phosphorus and F^(-))in the water were determined.The characteristics of bacterial community structure in the water and sediments of the fifth drainage ditch were analyzed by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing,and the response relationship between the bacteria community and the physical and chemical factors of the water body was explored.The results showed that the conductivity,salinity,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,COD_(Mn) and COD_(Cr) of the water body were significantly reduced and the water quality was improved after the implementation of the ecological restoration project.The species diversity index of bacteria in the water body increased,the community abundance increased,the uniformity increased,the dominant bacteria phyla and bacterial community structure and composition changed significantly,the relative abundance of the dominant bacteria phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroides increased,and the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria decreased.There was no significant change in the dominant phylum of sediment bacteria before and after the implementation of the ecological restoration project,which were Proteobacteria,Bacteroides and Desulfobacterota,and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased after the implementation of the ecological restoration project,while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Desulfobacterota decreased.The diversity,richness and uniformity of bacter

关 键 词：第五排水沟 细菌 群落结构 环境因子 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]