螺旋桨风车特性分析方法研究  

Research on analysis method of propeller windmill characteristics

作　　者：王定奇 高扬[1] 王朝蓬[1] WANG Dingqi;GAO Yang;WANG Zhaopeng(Power-Plant Flight Test Technology Institute,Chinese Flight Test Establishment,Xi’an 710089,China)

机构地区：[1]中国飞行试验研究院动力装置飞行试验技术研究所,西安710089

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2024年第12期28-37,共10页Journal of Aerospace Power

摘　　要：以某螺旋桨为研究对象,针对螺旋桨稳态时高速风车特性、低速风车特性和空中起动过程中瞬态风车特性,开展了不同飞行高度、真速、桨叶角及转速的仿真计算。定量给出了螺旋桨不同状态点的风车阻力,通过风洞试验进行验证,最大误差为4.63%。通过对标准螺旋桨特性中效用因子和零升迎角的修正,给出理论计算的螺旋桨特性。对仿真和理论计算结果采用数据融合方法给出螺旋桨风车特性最优解。结果表明:高速风车时,螺旋桨转速达到最大1078 r/min,在真速为480 km/h时,桨叶角为30°,拉力系数为−0.36;低速风车时,桨叶角在限动角为14°,来流为350 km/h时,转速为990 r/min,拉力系数为−0.47;起动过程中螺旋桨转速增大,桨叶角减小,风车阻力先增大后减小,回桨至14°,转速为970 r/min,瞬态风车阻力为−2150 kg。螺旋桨风车特性的获取为某型涡桨发动机试飞中风车阻力的确定及试验点规划提供技术支撑。Taking a type of propeller as the research object,based on the characteristics of high-speed windmill and low-speed windmill in the steady state of the propeller and the characteristics of transient windmill during air start process,simulation calculations of different altitudes,true speeds,blade angles and rotating speeds were carried out.The windmill resistance of the propeller at different test conditions was given quantitatively.Through verification of the key points of the scaled-down model wind tunnel,the maximum error was 4.63%.Through correction of the utility factor and the zero-lift angle of attack in the standard propeller characteristics,the propeller characteristics were calculated iteratively.Based on the simulation and iterative calculation results,the data fusion method was used to put forward the optimal solution of the propeller windmill characteristics.The result showed that:for high-speed windmill,the propeller speed reached the maximum limits value;at true speed of 480 km/h,the blade angle was 30°,and coefficient of thrust was−0.36.For low-speed windmill,the blade angle was at limited angle;at the true speed of 350 km/h,the rotating speed was 990 r/min,and coefficient of thrust was−0.47.During the starting process,the resistance of the propeller windmill first increased and then decreased.When blade angle returned to 14°,the rotating speed was 970 r/min and the thrust was−2150 kg.Acquisition of the characteristics of the propeller windmill could provide a technical support for the determination of windmill resistance and the planning of test points in a certain turboprop engine flight test.

关 键 词：风车特性 流场仿真 效用因子 零升迎角 螺旋桨滑流 空中起动 数据融合 

分 类 号：V221.44[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]