基于网联信息预警的停车场盲区抵近行为分析  

Approach Behavior Analysis at Blind Intersections in Underground Parking Lot Based on Connected Vehicle Warning Information

作　　者：陈贺鹏 陈艳艳[1] 李臣 陈雨菲 李永行 CHEN He-peng;CHEN Yan-yan;LI Chen;CHEN Yu-fei;LI Yong-xing(Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering,Urban Construction Department,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Jinan Rail Transit Group Company Limited,Jinan 250101,China;Connected Technology of China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学城市建设学部,北京市交通工程重点实验室,北京100124 [2]济南轨道交通集团有限公司,济南250101 [3]中汽院智能网联科技有限公司,重庆401120

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2025年第3期1262-1271,共10页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(8212002)。

摘　　要：大型地下停车场内部通道窄、视野受限导致盲区交叉口会车容易发生碰撞,危险性较高。通过搭建地下停车场3D模型和网联信息预警系统设计驾驶模拟实验,分析地下停车场盲区交叉口抵近行为。考虑技术水平和盲区冲突设计4种实验场景,基于31名被试的微观驾驶行为数据,选取平均速度、平均加速度、制动位置分析预警点到盲区交叉口范围内的驾驶行为。在相关性分析的基础上运用K-means方法选择初始速度、平均速度对驾驶员类型进行聚类,分析网联预警信息对不同驾驶员抵近行为的影响。研究结果表明:①驾驶员在无预警信息提示时抵近盲区交叉口的过程包括速度保持——速度增加——速度急减3个阶段,在有预警时速度均匀下降,通过交叉口时的速度较无预警时高34.08%;②预警信息使得驾驶员平均速度较无预警场景降低9.94 km/h,制动位置提前4.49 m,有效提升驾驶员在停车场盲区交叉口的安全性;③预警系统对保守型和普通型驾驶员作用效果明显,对于激进型驾驶员应当进行必要的培训,使其认识到预警系统的积极作用,以提高行车效率、促进安全驾驶;④车载网联预警系统对整体及不同类别的驾驶员的安全性提升效果显著,提升效果排序为:保守型>普通型>激进型。研究结果对网联信息预警系统在停车场的应用和停车场安全性提升提供支撑。The narrow passageways and limited visibility in large underground parking lots often lead to vehicle collisions at blind intersections,posing significant dangers.In order analyze approach behavior at these intersections,a driving simulation experiment was designed.The experiment involved constructing a 3D model of the underground parking lot and integrating it with a connected vehicle warning information system.Four experimental scenarios were devised,considering variations in technical features(with or without warning information)and events(with or without vehicle conflicts at blind intersections).Using micro-driving behavior data from 31 participants,key metrics such as speed,acceleration,and braking position were selected to analyze approach behavior from the warn-ing point to the blind intersection.Subsequently,correlation analysis was conducted,followed by the application of the k-means method to cluster driver types and examine the effects of warning information on the approach behavior of different drivers.Finally,the utility of the system was evaluated.The results indicate the following.①When drivers approached blind intersections without warning information,the process typically involved three stages:speed maintenance,speed increase,and emergency braking.In contrast,when warning information was provided,speed decreased more uniformly and was 34.08%higher than without warning information.②The warning information system reduced the average speed by 9.94 km/h compared to scenarios without warnings,and advanced the braking position by 4.49 meters,thereby effectively enhancing the safety of drivers passing through blind intersections in parking lots.③The warning information system had discernible effects on conservative and general drivers,suggesting the need for additional train-ing for radical drivers to help them understand the positive role of the warning system in improving driving efficiency and promoting safe driving practices.④The warning information system significantly improved overall driv

关 键 词：交通工程 停车场 视觉盲区 驾驶模拟 网联信息预警 抵近行为 

分 类 号：U491.7[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]