北京市自然保护地对珍稀濒危脊椎动物及栖息地保护成效评估  

Effect of Beijing Protected Areas on Rare and Endangered Vertebrates and Habitats

作　　者：刘坤容 张渊媛 赵金崎 罗蕴芝 杨峥 陈颀[2,3] 桑卫国 LIU Kunrong;ZHANG Yuanyuan;ZHAO Jinqi;LUO Yunzhi;YANG Zheng;CHEN Qi;SANG Weiguo(Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Biodiversity Conservation Research Center,Beijing 100076,China;Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学,北京100081 [2]北京生物多样性保护研究中心,北京100076 [3]北京麋鹿生态实验中心,北京100076

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2025年第2期344-355,共12页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：北京市科学技术研究院财政资助项目(No.23CB067)。

摘　　要：生物多样性是人类社会赖以生存和可持续发展的重要基础,而建立自然保护地是保护生物多样性最为重要的措施之一。本文基于北京市自然保护地对319种珍稀濒危脊椎动物多样性的保护及栖息地质量变化两方面综合评价北京市自然保护地保护成效,并针对物种与栖息地保护提出相应建议。结果表明:①北京市国家级与市级自然保护地的珍稀濒危脊椎动物保护价值指数显著高于区级自然保护地;森林公园与自然保护区的珍稀濒危哺乳动物与爬行动物保护价值指数显著高于湿地公园。②有75.95%的自然保护地覆盖高保护价值区,覆盖面积占高保护价值区总面积的32.01%。③2000-2020年,北京市自然保护地珍稀濒危脊椎动物栖息地质量相对稳定,对比自然保护地以及保护地外2 km缓冲区栖息地质量的变化,其中43个自然保护地对珍稀濒危脊椎动物栖息地保护成效显著。研究显示,北京市自然保护地体系在珍稀濒危脊椎动物及栖息地保护方面发挥了重要作用,但仍存在保护空缺,需要系统性调整现有保护地体系,构建科学合理的自然保护地网络。Biodiversity is an important foundation for the survival and sustainable development of human society,and the establishment of protected areas is one of the most important measures to protect biodiversity.Based on changes to the diversity and habitats of 319 rare and endangered vertebrates,this study comprehensively evaluated the conservation effectiveness of Beijing protected areas,and put forward corresponding suggestions for species and habitat conservation.The results showed that:(1)The conservation value index of rare and endangered vertebrates in national and municipal protected areas in Beijing was significantly higher than that in district reserves.(2)The conservation value index of rare and endangered mammals and reptiles in forest parks and nature reserves was significantly higher than that in wetland parks.(3)75.95%of Beijing′s protected areas overlapped with the high conservation value areas,with the overlapping area reaching 32.01%.(3)From 2000 to 2020,the habitat quality of rare and endangered vertebrates in Beijing protected areas was relatively stable and,compared with the changes in habitat quality of protected areas and habitats in the 2 km buffer zone outside the protected areas,43 protected areas had significant results in protecting the habitats of rare and endangered vertebrates.Our research shows that the protected area system in Beijing has played an important role in the protection of rare and endangered vertebrates and their habitats,but there are still protection gaps that need to be systematically adjusted to construct a scientifically viable protected area network.

关 键 词：自然保护地 珍稀濒危动物 保护成效评估 栖息地质量 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]