基于SCoT标记的黑稻种质资源遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Black Rice Germplasm Resources Based on SCoT Markers

作　　者：刘柯忻 张晓娟[1] 张卫平[1] 李新生[1] 吴升华 马秀奇 LIU Kexin;ZHANG Xiaojuan;ZHANG Weiping;LI Xinsheng;WU Shenghua;MA Xiuqi(School of Biological Sciences and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723001;Hanzhong Agricultural Technology Promotion and Training Center,Hanzhong 723000,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学生物科学与工程学院,汉中723001 [2]汉中市农业技术推广与培训中心,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2025年第2期260-270,共11页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：陕西省科技厅项目(2023-YBNY-267);秦巴生物资源与生态环境省部共建国家重点实验室(培育)“市校共建”科研专项项目(SXC-2303)。

摘　　要：黑稻种质资源分布广泛,遗传背景较为复杂,揭示黑稻材料的遗传背景、明确材料间的亲缘关系具有重要意义。本研究利用实验室前期筛选的30条SCoT引物对90份水稻材料(包括21份黑叶黑稻、24份紫叶黑稻、30份绿叶黑稻、15份白稻)进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示,SCoT引物共扩增出194个条带,其中多态性条带165条,多态性比例为85%。等位基因数(Na)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、Nei′s基因多样性指数(H)以及Shannon′s信息指数(I)的平均值分别为1.9216、1.3922、0.2445和0.3836。聚类分析结果显示,在遗传相似系数为0.73处,将90份水稻材料分为4类。群体结构分析与聚类分析结果一致性较好,说明SCoT标记适用于黑稻遗传背景及亲缘关系的研究。供试水稻种质间的遗传相似系数主要分布在0.59~0.79之间,遗传相似度较高,分子方差分析显示,91%遗传变异来源于群体内,群体间的遗传变异为9%,说明供试水稻材料间遗传差异较小,应进一步丰富黑稻种质资源遗传多样性。本研究为黑稻杂交育种中的亲本选择提供参考依据,同时为黑稻品种的遗传改良、新品种培育提供理论依据。Considering the complexity of black rice germplasm resources on distribution and origin,uncovering the genetic diversity of black rice materials and clarify their genetic relationship becomes of significance.This study analyzed the genetic diversity of 90 rice materials(including 21 black leaf black rice,24 purple leaf black rice,30 green leaf black rice,and 15 white rice)by using 30 SCoT primers.A total of 194 fragments were detected by SCoT primers,including 165 that showed polymorphic with the ratio of 85%.The average values of allele number(Na),effective allele number(Ne),Nei′s gene diversity index(H)and Shannon′s information index(I)were 1.9216,1.3922,0.2445 and 0.3836,respectively.The results of cluster analysis showed that at a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.73,these genotypes were clustered into four groups,coincidence with the results of population structure analysis.The genetic similarity coefficient predominantly ranged from 0.59 to 0.79,indicating a relatively high genetic similarity.Analysis of molecular variance(ANOVA)showed that 91%of the genetic variations were within the population,with only 9%being between the populations.These findings indicate that there is limited genetic diversity in the collection,and enriching genetic diversity of black rice germplasm resources required further efforts.This study provides valuable insights for parental selection in black rice hybridization,and offers a theoretical basis for genetic improvement and cultivation of new black rice varieties.

关 键 词：黑稻 SCoT标记 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]