RCEP与收入不平等:基于异质技能劳动力福利视角的研究  

RCEP and Income Inequality: A Study from the Perspective of Heterogeneous Skilled Labor Welfare

作　　者：任桐瑜 谢建国[1,2] 洪小羽 REN Tongyu;XIE Jianguo;HONG Xiaoyu

机构地区：[1]南京大学商学院,南京210093 [2]南京大学长江三角洲经济社会发展研究中心,南京210093

出　　处：《经济问题探索》2025年第1期92-108,共17页Inquiry Into Economic Issues

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“全球化与逆全球化问题研究”(24AZD050),项目负责人:谢建国;国家自然科学基金项目“基于要素生产与要素创造的大国贸易利益分配:逻辑、动力与测度研究”(72073062),项目负责人:谢建国。

摘　　要：本文构建了包含异质技能劳动力的贸易一般均衡模型,对《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》(Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership,简称RCEP)的收入分配效应进行定量评估。结果表明:RCEP扩大了大多数东部地区省份高技能和低技能劳动力的收入差距,中西部地区省份异质技能劳动力的收入差距则有所缩小;进一步的分解表明RCEP主要通过“好的不平等”扩大了异质技能劳动力的收入差距,“坏的不平等”的影响有限。当中国各省份间的贸易壁垒降低后,部分中西部省份的异质技能劳动力收入差距由缩小变为扩大,主要原因是中西部地区省份高技能密集型行业的国内销售有所增加。最后,同时考虑劳动力供给端和需求端的变化,降低高、低技能劳动力在不同省份间的迁移壁垒后,异质技能劳动力收入差距扩大的趋势得到缓解,表明削弱劳动力迁移壁垒是改善RCEP所导致的收入不平等的有效举措。This paper constructs a general equilibrium trade model incorporating heterogeneous skilled labor to quantitatively assess the income distribution effects of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP).The results indicate that RCEP has expanded the income gap between high-and low-skilled labor in most eastern provinces, while the income gap between heterogeneous skilled labor in central and western provinces has narrowed.Further decomposition reveals that RCEP mainly expands the income gap of heterogeneous skilled labor through“good inequality”,while the limited impact from“bad inequality”.As trade barriers between Chinese provinces decrease, the income gap of heterogeneous skilled labor in some central and western provinces shifts from narrowing to widening, primarily due to increased domestic sales of high-skill-intensive industries in these regions.Finally, considering changes in both the supply and demand sides of labor, the trend of widening income inequality among heterogeneous skilled labor is mitigated when barriers to the migration of high-and low-skilled labor between provinces are reduced, indicating that lowering labor migration barriers is an effective measure for mitigating income inequality induced by RCEP.

关 键 词：RCEP 收入不平等 技能溢价 劳动力流动 

分 类 号：F74[经济管理—国际贸易]