吡唑醚菌酯在三种特色小宗作物上降解行为及安全评价研究  

Degradation Behavior and Safety Evaluation of Pyraclostrobin in Three Minor Crops

作　　者：王思威[1] 王潇楠 刘艳萍[1] WANG Siwei;WANG Xiaonan;LIU Yanping(Institute of Plant Protection,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第3期151-157,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广东省2021年省级乡村振兴战略专项“小宗作物用药登记试验”粤财农[2021]37号。

摘　　要：本研究旨在科学评价吡唑醚菌酯在黄皮、番石榴、火龙果这3种特色小宗作物上的安全性。依据“农作物中农药残留试验准则”,进行了一年四地的30%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂田间残留试验,采用超高效液相色谱-串联三重四级杆质谱仪检测了吡唑醚菌酯在3种水果上的残留消解与最终残留量,并进行膳食风险评估。样品采用乙腈提取,N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)净化、UPLC-MS/MS测定。结果表明,吡唑醚菌酯在黄皮全果、黄皮果肉、番石榴、火龙果全果、火龙果果肉添加浓度为0.01~5.0 mg/kg时,添加回收率分别为:104%~107%、80%~96%,93%~100%,83%~91%、90%~107%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为0.9%~3.8%、2.7%~5.3%、3.0%~10.7%、1.1%~4.3%、2.2%~6.3%,定量限(LOQ)均为0.01mg/kg。30%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂以250 mg/kg的剂量施用3次,黄皮、番石榴和火龙果中的原始沉积量分别为2.8~4.8 mg/kg、0.36~1.0 mg/kg、0.48~1.40 mg/kg,半衰期分别为8.8~11.4 d、5.6~13.9 d、3.0~3.8 d;黄皮、番石榴采收间隔期为7、10 d,火龙果采收间隔期为5、7 d时,黄皮全果、黄皮果肉、番石榴、火龙果全果、火龙果果肉中吡唑醚菌酯的最终残留量分别为0.24~2.8 mg/kg、0.016~0.73 mg/kg、0.20~0.46 mg/kg、0.12~3.6 mg/kg、<0.010~0.072 mg/kg。膳食风险评估发现,吡唑醚菌酯风险商(RQ)为77.0%,表明对一般人群健康不会产生不可接受的风险。研究结果为指导30%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂在3种特色小宗作物上的科学合理使用及制定最大残留限量(MRL)值提供依据。To scientifically evaluate the safety of pyraclostrobin on three minor crops(wampee,guava,and pitaya),one-year residual field trials in four sites were conducted on pyraclostrobin 30%suspension concentrate(SC)based on guidelines for field trials of pesticide residues in crop.The dissipation dynamics,final residues,and dietary risk assessment of pyrclostrobin SC on wampee,guava,and pitaya were carried out based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometer(UPLCMS/MS).The sample was extracted with acetonitrile(ACN),purified by PSA,and determined by UPLC-MS/MS.The results showed that when the spiked levels of wampee whole fruit,wampee pulp,guava,pitaya whole fruit and pitaya pulp was from 0.01 to 5.0 mg/kg,the recovery ranged from 104%to 107%,80%to 96%,93%to 100%,83%to 91%,and 90%to 107%,with the relative standard deviation ranging from 0.9%to 3.8%,2.7%to 5.3%,3.0%to 10.7%,1.1%to 4.3%,2.2%to 6.3%,respectively.The limits of quantification were all 0.01 mg/kg.The initial concentration of pyraclostrobin in wampee,guava,and pitaya was from 2.8 to 4.8,0.36 to 1.0,0.48 to 1.40 mg/kg,and the half-lives ranged from 8.8 to 11.4 d,5.6 to 13.9 d,3.0 to 3.8 d,respectively,when pyraclostrobin 30%SC was applied at the dosage of 250 mg/kg,thrice.The finial residues in whole wampee and pulp,guava,whole pitaya and pulp was from 0.24 to 2.8,0.016 to 0.73,0.20 to 0.46,0.12 to 3.6,<0.010 to 0.072 mg/kg,when the pre-harvest intervals was 7 and 10 days in wampee and guava,5 and 7 days in pitaya,respectively.The dietary risk assessment showed there was no unacceptable risk to the health of the general population,when the risk quotient(RQ)of pyraclostrobin was 77.0%.The research results provided support and reference for scientific and rational use of pyraclostrobin 30%SC on three minor crops,and establishing their maximum residue limit(MRL)values.

关 键 词：吡唑醚菌酯 黄皮 番石榴 火龙果 农药残留 残留消解 膳食风险评估 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]