基于异常检测和AUV辅助的水下传感器网络可靠节能路由协议  

Reliable energy-efficient routing protocol based on anomalous detection and AUV-aid for underwater sensor networks

作　　者：李冲 杜秀娟[1,2] 王丽娟 田晓静 王志刚 LI Chong;DU Xiujuan;WANG Lijuan;TIAN Xiaojing;WANG Zhigang(College of Computer,Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of IoT,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;The State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Intelligent Information Processing and Application,Xining 810008,China;School of Computer Science,North China Institute of Science and Technology,Langfang 065201,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学计算机学院青海省物联网重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [2]藏语智能信息处理及应用国家重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]华北科技学院计算机学院,河北廊坊065201

出　　处：《通信学报》2025年第1期222-238,共17页Journal on Communications

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.61962052);青海省自然科学基金资助项目(No.2024-ZJ-929)。

摘　　要：近年来,自治式潜水器(AUV)的快速发展,极大地扩展了水下传感器网络(UWSN)的应用。针对在移动场景下那些邻居节点少或与邻居节点的距离远的异常节点在传输数据时容易失败的问题,在改进局部离群因子(LOF)检测算法的基础上提出一种基于异常检测和AUV辅助的可靠节能路由(RERA)协议。RERA协议提出了适用于UWSN的异常节点筛选机制,筛选出的异常节点只转发时延敏感数据,对于时延不敏感的数据使用AUV辅助传输。此外,优化了遗传算法,设计了高效的AUV路径规划算法。同时,为了避免无序的数据传输导致的冲突,引入一种AUV辅助传输调度规则。仿真实验验证了优化遗传算法的性能和AUV的辅助性能,并与现有的协议进行了比较。结果表明,RERA协议在AUV覆盖率、AUV航行时间、数据交付率、能耗等方面均表现出较优的性能。In recent years,the rapid development of autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV)has greatly expanded the applications of underwater sensor network(UWSN).In view of the problem that data transmission of abnormal nodes with few or far neighbors in mobile underwater scenarios was prone to fail,a reliable energy-efficient routing(RERA)protocol based on an improved local outlier factor(LOF)detection and AUV-aided was proposed for UWSN.In the RERA protocol,an anomalous node screening mechanism was designed for UWSN.The screened anomalous nodes only forward delay-sensitive data,and delay-insensitive data was transported with the assist of AUV.In addition,the genetic algorithm was further improved and an efficient AUV path planning algorithm was designed.Meanwhile,to avoid the collision caused by disordered data transmission,an AUV-aid transmission scheduling rule was introduced.Simulation results show that,compared with existing AUV-based protocols,the RERA protocol exhibits better performance in terms of AUV coverage,AUV sailing time,data delivery rate,and energy consumption.

关 键 词：水下传感器网络 路由协议 自治式潜水器 异常节点 路径规划 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]