生态系统理论视角下中小学教师职业倦怠现状及影响因素研究——以江门市为例  

Research on the burnout and its related factors among primary and middle school teachers from the perspective of ecosystem theory:a case study of Jiangmen City

作　　者：郭朝阳 肖锦玉 许彩丽 GUO Zhaoyang;XIAO Jinyu;XU Caili(Yifu Middle School,Jiangmen 529030,China;Loushan Junior High School,Duruan Town Pengjiang District Jiangmen,Jiangmen 529075,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省江门市怡福中学,广东江门529030 [2]广东省江门市蓬江区杜阮镇楼山初级中学,广东江门529075

出　　处：《心理月刊》2025年第1期80-83,88,共5页

基　　金：中国关心下一代工作委员会教育中心十四五学校生涯教育课题“生态系统理论视角下中小学教师职业倦怠现状和干预研究——以江门市为例”阶段性成果(ZGGGWJYZX-5-1-1)。

摘　　要：目的为系统分析中小学教师职业倦怠的成因,为建设高素质师资队伍提供参考。方法以生态系统理论为研究视角,从微观、中观、外观和宏观系统四个维度对江门市512名中小学教师的职业倦怠问题展开研究。结果中小学教师职业倦怠现状:轻度(n=249,48.63%)、中度(n=252,49.22%)、重度(n=11,2.15%)。情感耗竭方面,微系统的师生关系、同事关系和领导支持,中系统的心理资源冲突和情绪情感冲突为其显著影响因素;去个性化方面,微系统的师生关系、中系统的情绪情感冲突、外系统的学校办学性质、宏系统的情感劳动为其显著影响因素;低成就感方面,师生关系、心理资源冲突、情绪情感冲突和情感劳动为其显著影响因素。结论中小学教师职业倦怠受生态系统各维度的共同影响,相关部门在破解职业倦怠、教师流失困局时应考虑更全面的因素。Objective To systematically analyze the causes of occupational burnout among primary and middle school teachers and provide reference for building a high-quality teaching staff.Methods According to ecosystem theory,512 primary and middle school teachers in Jiangmen City were investigated from four dimensions.Results The status quo of job burnout of primary and secondary school teachers was as follows:mild(n=249,48.63%),moderate(n=252,49.22%),severe(n=11,2.15%).In terms of emotional exhaustion,the microsystem teacher-student relationship,colleague relationship and leadership support,and the system of psychological resource conflict and emotional conflict are significant influencing factors.In terms of deindividuation,the relationship between teachers and students in micro-system,the emotional conflict in the middle system,the nature of school running in external system,and the emotional labor in macro system are the significant influencing factors.The relationship between teachers and students,psychological resource conflict,emotional conflict and emotional labor were the significant influencing factors.Conclusion The burnout of primary and middle school teachers is jointly influenced by various dimensions of the ecosystem.Relevant departments should consider more comprehensive factors when solving the dilemma of occupational burnout and teacher turnover.

关 键 词：中小学教师 职业倦怠 生态系统理论 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]