适用于发射装置的新型液压缓冲器设计及分析  

Design and Analysis of a New Type of Hydraulic Buffer for Launcher

作　　者：周家亮 王腾辉 杨晨旭 霍军周[1] ZHOU Jia-liang;WANG Teng-hui;YANG Chen-xu;HUO Jun-zhou(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Beijing Institute of Mechanical Equipment,Beijing 100854,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]北京机械设备研究所,北京100854

出　　处：《液压气动与密封》2025年第2期26-35,共10页Hydraulics Pneumatics & Seals

基　　金：辽宁省重大科技专项“揭榜挂帅”基金(2022JH1/10400031)。

摘　　要：针对武器发射装置内部安装空间有限、后坐杆件冲击速度快、需要贯穿缓冲器内部的实际工程需求,提出一种改进的新型渐变式液压缓冲器结构。基于倾斜平板缝隙流理论、油液可压缩性理论等对缓冲器进行了动力学建模。采用Simulink进行了建模求解,分析了不同初始速度工况下内部活塞杆速度、行程、油液压力、缓冲力等变化情况。设计了一种弹射试验方案,并采用该方案对样机进行了试验验证,试验结果为理论与实际的碰撞能量损失最大误差为9.49%,缓冲力最大误差为9.69%,缓冲位移最大误差为4.67%,验证了理论模型的适用性及准确性,为解决武器发射装置内部有限空间内高速后坐杆件的平稳缓冲提供了设计理论基础。According to the actual engineering requirements that the internal installation space of the weapon launcher is limited,the impact speed of the recoil bar is fast,and it needs to run through the inside of the buffer,an improved new type of gradual hydraulic buffer structure is proposed.The dynamic modeling of the buffer is carried out based on the inclined plate gap flow theory and the oil compressibility theory.The model is solved by Simulink,and the changes of internal piston rod speed,stroke,oil pressure and buffer force are analyzed under different initial speed conditions.An ejection test scheme is designed,and the prototype is tested and verified by this scheme.the test results show that the maximum error of collision energy loss between theory and practice is 9.49%,the maximum error of buffer force is 9.69%,and the maximum error of buffer displacement is 4.67%.The applicability and accuracy of the theoretical model are verified.It provides a design theoretical basis for solving the smooth cushioning of the high-speed recoil bar in the limited space of the weapon launcher.

关 键 词：发射装置 液压缓冲器 倾斜平板缝隙流 SIMULINK 弹射试验 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TJ01[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]