基于Wnt/β-catenin通路探讨干眼症的发病机制  

The pathogenesis of dry eye disease was explored based on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway

作　　者：董慧 刘佳[1] 赵天祺(综述) 赵海霞(审校)[1] Dong Hui;Liu Jia;Zhao Tianqi;Zhao Haixia(Myopia Laser Treatment Center,Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010050)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学附属医院近视眼激光治疗中心,呼和浩特010050

出　　处：《安徽医科大学学报》2024年第12期2246-2251,共6页Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:81460090);内蒙古自治区卫健委医疗卫生科技计划项目(编号:202201332);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(编号:2023LHMS08005)。

摘　　要：干眼症是指由各种原因导致的泪液质或量异常、泪膜稳定性下降的慢性眼表炎性疾病,常伴瘙痒、干涩、异物感等眼部不适及视觉功能障碍,若未及时干预,会严重影响患者的生活质量和视觉质量。随着社会生活方式的转变、环境污染加重以及人口老龄化的趋势,干眼症已成为除屈光不正外最常见的眼表疾病。目前,普遍认为干眼症是一种非感染性免疫相关性炎症,但对干眼症所涉及的信号传导通路的了解甚少。不论是由泪液蒸发过快、泪液生成不足,还是黏蛋白缺乏导致的干眼症,眼表组织(角膜/结膜)均不可避免地会发生异常增殖、鳞状上皮化生、启动角膜损伤修复机制、结膜杯状细胞数量减少等病理过程,而Wnt/β-catenin通路已知具有广泛的生物学功能,在细胞增殖、分化及干性维持方面发挥重要作用。因此,该文从这一角度阐述Wnt/β-catenin信号转导通路在干眼症中的发病机制及潜在的实验性治疗方案,旨在为干眼症的治疗提供新靶点,以达到从根源上控制疾病发展的目的。Dry eye disease is a chronic ocular surface inflammatory disease caused by abnormal tear quality or quantity and decreased tear film stability due to various reasons,and often accompanied by ocular discomfort such as itching,dryness,foreign body sensation,and visual dysfunction,which can seriously affect the patient′s quality of life and visual quality if not intervened in time.With the change of social lifestyles,the increase of environmental pollution and the trend of population aging,dry eye disease has become the most common ocular surface disease besides refractive error.Currently,dry eye disease is widely recognized as a non-infectious immune-related inflammatory disease,but the signaling pathways involved in dry eye disease are poorly understood.Whether dry eye disease is caused by excessive tear evaporation,insufficient tear production,or mucin deficiency,the ocular surface tissues(cornea/conjunctiva)inevitably undergo pathological processes such as aberrant proliferation,squamous epithelial hyperplasia,initiation of corneal damage repair mechanisms,and reduction in the number of conjunctival goblet cells,whereas the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is known to have a wide range of biological functions and plays an important role in cell proliferation,differentiation,and stemness maintenance.Therefore,this review describes the pathogenesis and potential experimental therapeutic options of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in dry eye disease from this perspective,aiming to provide new targets for the treatment of dry eye disease and achieve the goal of controlling the disease progression from the root.

关 键 词：干眼症 炎症介质 WNT/Β-CATENIN信号通路 鳞状上皮化生 角膜上皮损伤修复 结膜杯状细胞 

分 类 号：R777.34[医药卫生—眼科]