四川省野生荞麦资源的调查与收集  

Investigation and Collection of Wild Buckwheat Resources in Sichuan Province of China

作　　者：陈美琪 丁子琪 周敏 丁彬儒 吴逸扬 唐宇[2] 王涛[1] 李青峰 布同良[1] 唐自钟[1] 李成磊[1] 吴琦[1] 王俊珍 张凯旋 周美亮 陈惠[1] CHEN Meiqi;DING Ziqi;ZHOU Min;DING Bingru;WU Yiyang;TANG Yu;WANG Tao;LI Qingfeng;BU Tongliang;TANG Zizhong;LI Chenglei;WU Qi;WANG Junzhen;ZHANG Kaixuan;ZHOU Meiliang;CHEN Hui(College of Life Sciences,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya'an 625014;College of Culinary and Food Science Engineering,Sichuan Tourism University,Chengdu 610100;Institute of Alpine Crops,Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences·Liangshan,Liangshan 615000,Sichuan;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学生命科学学院,雅安625014 [2]四川旅游学院烹饪与食品科学工程学院,成都610100 [3]凉山彝族自治州农业科学研究院高寒作物研究所,四川凉山615000 [4]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2025年第1期43-53,共11页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1200105)。

摘　　要：四川复杂多样的地形环境孕育了丰富的植物资源。为摸清四川省荞麦属种质资源的分布及群体数量,2022-2023年四川农业大学生命科学学院野生荞麦资源调查组对四川省野生荞麦资源进行了系统的调查与收集工作,考察地区主要为川西北、川西南、成都平原和川中丘陵,在30个县(区)内进行了野生荞麦的调查与收集工作,采集到荞麦属野生植物种质资源156份,其中金荞麦103份、苦荞野生种23份、甜荞野生种3份、细柄野荞麦17份、小野荞麦5份、疏穗野荞麦2份、理县野荞麦2份、灌野荞麦1份。调查结果表明,川西北地区是四川省野生荞麦种类最丰富的地区。金荞麦是分布量最大的野生荞麦,主要分布在川中丘陵地段,理县野荞麦和灌野荞麦的分布具有极明显的地域性。不同生境地的野生荞麦资源之间存在着广泛的遗传变异。对野生荞麦资源的伴生植物统计发现,荨麻和鬼针草是数量最多的伴生植物。此次调查收集不但丰富了荞麦资源种质库,也为研究野生荞麦的分布规律和制定保护措施奠定了基础。Sichuan's complex and diverse terrain has nurtured rich plant resources.To clarify the geographic distribution and population size of buckwheat germplasm resources,in 2022-2023,the Wild Buckwheat Resource Survey Team(College of Life Sciences,Sichuan Agricultural University)conducted a survey and collection of resources in Sichuan province,China,mainly for the northwest and southwest mountains,and the Chengdu Plain,Sichuan Hills,including 30 counties(districts).We collected a total of 156 wild plant germplasm resources of the genus Fagopyrum[103 F.cymosum(Trevir.)Meisn.,23 F.tataricum subsp.potanini,3 F.esculentum subsp.ancestrale,17 F.gracilipes(Hemsl.)Dammer.ex Diels,5 F.leptopodum(Diels)Hedberg,2 F.caudatum(Sam.)A.J.Li,2 F.macrocarpum Ohsako et Ohnishi,1 F.rubifolium Ohsako et Ohnishi].The northwest of Sichuan province was found with the richest wild buckwheat species.F.cymosum(Trevir.)Meisn.is the wild buckwheat with the largest distribution,mainly distributed in the hilly areas of central Sichuan.The distribution of F.macrocarpum and F.rubifolium has extremely obvious regionality.There is a wide range of genetic variation between wild buckwheat resources in different habitats.Statistics on the companion plants of wild buckwheat resources show that Urtica fissa E.Pritz.and Bidens pilosa L.are the most numerous companion plants.This survey and collection not only enriches the buckwheat resource germplasm bank,but also lays the foundation for studying the distribution patterns of wild buckwheat and formulating protection measures.

关 键 词：四川省 野生荞麦 种质资源 调查收集 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学]