数字司法实践的刑事程序规制——以《刑事诉讼法》再修改为背景  

Regulation of Digital Justice Practices in the Revision of the Criminal Procedure Law

作　　者：郑曦[1] Zheng Xi(Beijing Foreign Studies University Law School)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学法学院

出　　处：《法学家》2025年第1期55-68,192,共15页The Jurist

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重点项目“程序法治下的网络安全研究”(23JJD820004)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：数字时代,为适应刑事案件办理的新需要,公检法机关积极推进数字司法实践,提升了案件办理质效,但也带来了一些问题,需要在修改《刑事诉讼法》时予以规制。《刑事诉讼法》规制数字司法实践,宜采用“原则性要求+关键性规范”模式。按照此种模式,首先应提出强调权利保障、坚持控辩平等、合理定位办案人员和工具关系这三项原则性要求,其次应将数字取证、数据处理和人工智能辅助办案作为规制的关键问题,最后从合理引入新兴权利、大力增强辩方力量、藉由数据安全保护限制公权力三个角度展开《刑事诉讼法》规范层面的修改完善。抓住《刑事诉讼法》修改的契机对数字司法实践进行规制,能有效缓解此种实践所带来的副作用,确保其在法治的轨道上顺利运行。In the digital age,to meet the new demands of handling criminal cases,public security organs,procuratoratorates,and courts have actively promoted digital justice practices,which have enhanced the quality and efficiency of case handling.However,these practices have also introduced certain issues that need to be addressed through revision of the Criminal Procedure Law.The regulation of digital justice practices in the Criminal Procedure Law should adopt a model of“principle-based requirements+key regulations.”According to this model,three principle-based requirements should be established for regulating digital justice practices in the Criminal Procedure Law:emphasizing the protection of rights,upholding equality between prosecution and defense,and reasonably defining the relationship between case-handling personnel and digital tools.Furthermore,key issues such as digital evidence collection,data processing,and AI-assisted case handling should be the focus of regulation.Finally,the amendment and improvement of the Criminal Procedure Law should be carried out from three perspectives:reasonably introducing new rights,significantly strengthening the defense,and achieving the limitation of public power through data security protection.Seizing the opportunity to regulate digital justice practices during the revision of the Criminal Procedure Law can effectively mitigate the negative effects brought about by such practices and ensure their smooth implementation within the framework of the rule of law.

关 键 词：数字司法实践 《刑事诉讼法》修改 原则性要求 关键问题 规范展开 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]