女性月经生育因素与老年期阿尔茨海默病的关联  

Association between menstrual and reproductive factors in women with Alzheimer's disease in older age

作　　者：徐乐 陈坤[2] 林君芬[1] 章涛 古雪 李傅冬[1] Xu Le;Chen Kun;Lin Junfen;Zhang Tao;Gu Xue;Li Fudong(Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051,China;Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,Zhejiang University School of Public Health,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,杭州310051 [2]浙江大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,杭州310058

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2025年第1期21-26,共6页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LTGY24H260004);浙江省医药卫生科技计划(2024KY891);浙江省疾控中心科技英才孵育项目。

摘　　要：阿尔茨海默病(AD)在老年人中的患病率存在明显的性别差异,其中老年女性被认为是AD的高风险人群。雌激素对神经及认知功能的作用在体外和动物模型中已被证实。女性在生育期内的各项经历,如月经初潮、绝经、怀孕、分娩、流产、相关手术及用药等,影响或反映了女性体内的内分泌状态,进而对大脑及认知功能产生影响。女性月经生育因素与AD关联的流行病学证据不断增多,但仍存在一些局限。本文对女性各项月经生育因素与AD关联的流行病学研究现状进行论述。Alzheimer's disease(AD)presents a notable gender disparity in prevalence among elderly individuals,with elderly women being a high-risk group for AD onset.Researches have confirmed the effects of estrogen on the nervous system and cognitive function through in vitro and animal models.Throughout their reproductive years,women undergo various life events such as menarche,menopause,pregnancy,childbirth,miscarriage,relevant surgeries,and medication,all of which can impact their endocrine status and subsequently influence brain function.As a result,there is a growing body of epidemiological evidence investigating the relationship between women's menstrual and reproductive factors and AD.Despite some controversies,this article offers a thorough review of current epidemiological research on the link between different menstrual and fertility factors in women and AD.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 雌激素 月经史 哺乳史 怀孕史 手术及用药史 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]