科技人才风险防范的发达国家经验与启示  

Experience and Enlightenment from Developed Countries on Risk Prevention for Technological Talents

作　　者：李波洋[1] LI Boyang(Beijing Institute of Electronic Science and Technology,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]北京电子科技学院,北京100070

出　　处：《中国科技人才》2024年第6期60-68,共9页Scientific and Technological Talents of China

摘　　要：全球科技竞争新形势下,科技人才管理面临更多的风险和挑战,如何从制度管理层面有效预防、维护和保障科技人才供给、使用、流动是当前科技人才工作的重要内容。本文梳理了发达国家在科技人才风险防范方面的经验,即以育才作为科技人才工作的关键基础、引才作为提升科技竞争力的战略手段、留才作为科技人才管理的核心内容,并从加强人才流动管理的统筹协调、重视人才信息管理与开发、强化过程管理以应对技术流失风险3个方面概括发达国家科技人才管理体制机制建设的经验。在此基础上,结合当前我国科技人才管理面临的风险和挑战,提出了加强科技人才风险防范的3项对策建议:健全科技人才安全体制,在开放环境中筑牢安全防线;夯实人才安全工作基础,以数字化赋能人才使用风险防控机制;抓好人才安全工作重点,以制度化建设补齐管理短板。Under the new landscape of global technological competition,the management of scientific and technological talent faces increased risks and challenges.Effectively preventing,maintaining,and ensuring the supply,utilization,and mobility of scientific and technological talent at the institutional management level has become a critical aspect of current talent management efforts.This article reviews the experiences of developed countries in mitigating risks related to scientific and technological talent,highlighting talent cultivation as the foundational pillar,talent attraction as a strategic means to enhance technological competitiveness,and talent retention as the core focus of talent management.It summarizes the experiences of developed countries in building scientific and technological talent management systems and mechanisms from three perspectives:strengthening the coordination of talent mobility management,emphasizing talent information management and development,and enhancing process management to address risks of technological loss.Building on this,and considering the risks and challenges currently faced by China in scientific and technological talent management,the article proposes three countermeasures to strengthen risk prevention:improving the security system for scientific and technological talent to establish a robust defense in an open environment;solidifying the foundation of talent security work by leveraging digitalization to empower risk prevention and control mechanisms in talent utilization;and focusing on key areas of talent security work to address management shortcomings through institutionalized construction.

关 键 词：科技人才 安全管理 数字化转型 风险防范 

分 类 号：C962[经济管理—人力资源管理]