井口简易防喷器密封胶芯形变及其密封特性分析  

Deformation and Sealing Performance of Rubber Core for Simple Blowout Preventer at Wellhead

作　　者：郑刚[1,2] 刘新福[3] 刘广胜 魏韦 邓泽鲲[1,2] 刘春花 ZHENG Gang;LIU Xinfu;LIU Guangsheng;WEI Wei;DENG Zekun;LIU Chunhua(Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute,PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi′an Shaanxi 710018,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil&Gas Fields,Xi′an Shaanxi 710018,China;School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266525,China;College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao Shandong 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油长庆油田公司油气工艺研究院,陕西西安710018 [2]低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室,陕西西安710018 [3]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东青岛266525 [4]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《机床与液压》2025年第1期140-145,共6页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52074161);泰山学者工程专项项目(tsqn202211177);山东省高等学校青创人才引育计划项目(2021-青创-30613019);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2022ME173)。

摘　　要：分析油液压力小于15 MPa的井口简易防喷器密封胶芯形变规律及其密封特性,对降低防喷器压力等级、防止井口失控以及尽可能减少井口非可控时间具有重要意义。依据Lindly模型,提出密封胶芯发生大、小变形时的形变改进计算方法。综合考虑油液压力变化、受压力与变形关系、不同阶段橡胶压缩量等因素以及壳体和闸板等结构参数,建立密封胶芯形变以及橡胶体主要面应力和抱紧力的数学模型。根据修正的Arruda-Boyce模型,揭示密封胶芯橡胶体本构模型的应力应变关系。结果表明:井口简易防喷器中部密封胶芯橡胶体环状部分的最大应力位于圆弧区域,且该区域内应力分布极不均匀;井口无压力时,中部密封胶芯橡胶体环状部分的Mises应力集中于中间位置,压力为3、10 MPa时,Mises应力集中在上下两个边缘区域,且橡胶体平面部分的中部区域应力随压力增大呈下降趋势;上部密封胶芯上部橡胶体的应力分布呈边缘大中间小的特征,上部密封胶芯较大应力分布区域的面积在闸板总成关闭时明显减小,且集中区域由开启时靠近壳体边缘和2个边角处转变为关闭时的4个边角处,且最大应力由开启状态下的2.95 MPa增加至关闭状态下的3.37 MPa。Deformation and sealing performance of rubber core for simple blowout preventer with pressure less than 15 MPa is essential to reduce the pressure level,prevent the wellhead from losing control and minimize the uncontrollable time.An improved approach to calculate the large and small deformation of rubber core was proposed based on Lindly model.The mathematical models of deformation of rubber core,stress and holding force of the rubber body were established intergrating oil pressure,the relationship between pressure&deformation,the compression amount of rubber in different stages and the structural parameters of shell and ram.The stress-strain relationship of the constitutive model was analyzed on the modified Arruda-Boyce model.The results show that the maximum stress in the annular part of middle rubber core is located in the arc area,and the stress distribution in the arc area is extremely uneven.The Mises stress in the annular part is concentrated in the middle position with no pressure at the wellhead.Mises stress is concentrated in the upper and lower edge regions while the pressures are 3 MPa and 10 MPa,respectively.The stress in the middle part of middle rubber core decreases with the increased pressures.The stress distribution of the upper part of upper rubber core is large at the edge and small in the middle part.The area of the larger stress of upper rubber core is obviously reduced while the ram is closed.And its concentrated area is transformed from the edge and two corners near the shell for the opened ram to the four corners for the closed ram.The maximum stress increases from 2.95 MPa for the opened ram to 3.37 MPa for the closed ram.

关 键 词：简易防喷器 密封胶芯 形变 密封特性 本构模型 

分 类 号：TP028.8[自动化与计算机技术]