新琼寡糖延缓西番莲果实采后衰老及其与呼吸代谢的关系  

Neoagaro-oligosaccharide delays the postharvest decay of passion fruit and its relationship with the respiratory metabolism

作　　者：林育钊 罗振宇 陈东晓[2] 汪莹 陈莲 陈洪彬[1,3] 张珅 LINYuzhao;LUO Zhenyu;CHEN Dongxiao;WANGYing;CHEN Lian;CHEN Hongbin;ZHANG Shen(Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae/Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou 362000,Fujian,China;College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;College of Oceanology and Food Science,Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou 362000,Fujian,China;School of Biological Science and Biotechnology,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363000,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省海洋藻类活性物质制备与功能开发重点实验室·泉州师范学院,福建泉州362000 [2]集美大学海洋食品与生物工程学院,福建厦门361021 [3]泉州师范学院海洋与食品学院,福建泉州362000 [4]闽南师范大学生物科学与技术学院,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《果树学报》2025年第2期401-411,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：福建省海洋藻类活性物质制备与功能开发重点实验室开放基金(2022-KF10);福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2023J01902,2023J01776,2021J01992);龙岩市科技计划重点项目(2023LYF9025)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究新琼寡糖对西番莲果实采后衰老的延缓作用及其对呼吸代谢的影响。【方法】以黄果西番莲为研究对象,对采后果实进行180 mg·L^(-1)新琼寡糖(NAOS)与蒸馏水(对照组)浸泡15 min处理,置于(25±1)℃、相对湿度85%下贮藏18 d,测定腐烂率、硬度、失重率、果皮水分含量、果肉可溶性固形物(TSS)和可滴定酸(TA)含量、呼吸强度、呼吸代谢途径关键酶[磷酸己糖异构酶(PGI)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PDH)和6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶(6-PGDH)]活性、呼吸末端氧化酶[细胞色素C氧化酶(CCO)、抗坏血酸氧化酶(AAO)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)]活性、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸激酶(NADK)活性、吡啶核苷酸[烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)及其还原型(NADH)、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADP)及其还原型(NADPH)]含量等的变化。【结果】与对照组对比,NAOS处理可使西番莲果实维持较高的硬度、果皮水分含量、果肉TSS和TA含量,以及较低的腐烂率和失重率。NAOS处理可推迟并抑制西番莲果实的呼吸高峰,使果皮保持较低的PGI、SDH、CCO、AAO和PPO活性、NAD和NADH含量,较高的G-6-PDH+6-PGDH总活性、NADK活性、NADP和NADPH含量。【结论】NAOS处理通过调控呼吸代谢途径,即削弱糖酵解与三羧酸循环,增强磷酸戊糖途径功能,降低电子传递链水平,进而推迟呼吸高峰、减少能量与底物的消耗,最终减缓西番莲果实腐烂发生、维持采后品质。NAOS处理可通过调节采后西番莲果实的生理代谢,推迟其后熟衰老,有效控制西番莲果实的衰败。【Objective】The passion(Passiflora caerulea L.)fruit is a typical tropical and subtropical fruit native to Brazil.In China,passion fruit is widely cultivated in Guangxi,Fujian,Hainan,Guangdong and Yunnan Provinces.The passion fruit has unique flavor and contains a variety of nutrients with dietary therapy effect.However,as a climacteric fruit,the harvested passion fruit is highly sensitive to ethylene and thereby the respiration climacteric can be activated very soon,leading to rapid postharvest ripening,senescence,and serious decay,such as pericarp shrinking,disease outbreak,and mechanical injury-induced browning.These quality deteriorations will greatly reduce the shelf-life and commercial value of the fruits.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop effective postharvest technology to retard the postharvest ripening and senescence and enhance the storability of postharvest passion fruit.The utilization of marine biological resources is drawing lots of attention currently in the field of agri-food preservation.The oligosaccharides obtained from seaweed is a promising substance for maintaining fruit quality,but to date little information is known about neither its regulation mechanism underlying the quality-keeping effect,nor its effects on postharvest passion fruit.On the other hand,as the key factor in postharvest ripening and senescence,respiration is so crucial to fruit physiological change that should be given the first and foremost attention when considering quality variation.Also,respiration is an integrated reflection of a series of metabolic processes known as the hub of matter and energy metabolism.The respiratory metabolic pathways involving material metabolism of the harvested fruit include embdenmeyerhof-parnas(EMP),tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle and pentose phosphate pathway(PPP),and the pathways involving energy production include electron transport chain(ETC).Besides,pyridine nucleotides act as cofactors in these pathways and thereby can be seen as the indicators of the balance in respira

关 键 词：西番莲果实 新琼寡糖 采后衰老 呼吸代谢 呼吸代谢途径 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]