钢轨焊接区激扰下400 km/h高铁有砟轨道动力响应分析  

Dynamic Response Analysis of 400 km/h High-speed Railway Ballasted Track Under Rail Welding Zone Excitation

作　　者：付琪璋[1] FU Qizhang(China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xian 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,西安710043

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2025年第1期36-42,49,共8页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JQ-303);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2021ZDLGY02-03)。

摘　　要：高速列车运行速度增加将引起车辆通过钢轨焊接接头时产生更强烈的冲击作用,影响行车稳定性。分析高速列车过焊接区时不平顺动力响应特征,对高速铁路的设计和运维至关重要。建立含柔性轮对的三维车辆-有砟轨道-基础耦合动力学模型,选取较不利情况模拟焊接不平顺,研究焊接区不平顺激扰下400 km/h高速铁路有砟轨道的结构动力响应特征,对比动力学结果与规范限值的差异,分析扣件刚度、道床支撑刚度、基础类型的变化对轮轨动力学的影响。结果表明,列车以400 km/h通过焊接接头不平顺时,各评价指标均满足现行规范相关指标要求,尤其是脱轨系数、钢轨横向位移指标远小于规范容许限值;扣件支承刚度显著影响钢轨位移及道床加速度,钢轨位移可减少0.8 mm,道床加速度可增大0.8倍;道床支承刚度主要影响钢轨位移及道床加速度,道床加速度可增大8.9%;基础类型对车辆、轨道动力学性能影响不大,但会使道床振动加速度增至2.57倍;相比350 km/h、400 km/h过焊缝时显著增加车辆、轨道动力学相互作用,轮轨力增加46 kN。高速列车运行条件下,轮重减载率、轮轨垂向力表现为不超限但接近限值的特点。因此,项目运营管理应重点核查轮重减载率和轮轨垂向力,针对焊接不平顺应严格监控、重点管理。The increased speed of high-speed trains will result in stronger impact when vehicles pass over welded joints,which can negatively influence the stability of train operations.Therefore,it is crucial to analyze the dynamic response characteristics of high-speed trains passing over the welded joint for the design and operation of high-speed railways.This paper establishes a 3D vehicle-track-foundation coupled dynamic model that incorporates flexible wheelsets.Disadvantage conditions are selected to simulate the irregularities of welded joints.Then the dynamic response of a 400 km/h high-speed railway’s ballast track structure is studied.Furthermore,the dynamic results are compared with the specified limits,and the effects of varying fastener stiffness,track bed support stiffness,and foundation types on wheel-rail dynamics are analyzed.The results demonstrate that when trains pass over welded joints at the speed of 400 km/h,all evaluated performance indicators meet the requirements outlined in current specifications with the derailment coefficient and the rail lateral displacement significantly lower than the permissible limits;The stiffness of the fastener support has considerable influence on rail displacement and track bed acceleration,reducing rail displacement by 0.8 mm and increasing track bed acceleration by 0.8 times;The stiffness of the track bed support primarily affects rail displacement and track bed acceleration,leading to an 8.9%increase in track bed acceleration;The foundation type hasminimal impact on vehicle-track dynamics,but increases the track bed vibration acceleration to 2.57 times.Compared to passing over welded joints at 350 km/h,the interaction between vehicle and track dynamics significantly intensifies at 400 km/h,resulting in a 46 kN increase in wheel-rail force.Under high-speed train operating conditions,wheel load reduction rate and wheel-rail vertical force won’t exceed limit value but approach it.Therefore,significant scrutiny should be placed on the wheel load reduction rate and

关 键 词：高速铁路 有砟轨道 钢轨 焊接区 动力学模型 动力响应 

分 类 号：U238[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U213.2