生物有机肥施用对连作植烟土壤养分及微生物多样性的影响  

of Bi Effects of Biological Organic Fertilizer Application on Soil Nutrients and Microbial Diversity of Continuous Cropping Tobaccoological Organic Fertilizer Application on Soil Nutrients and Microbial Diversity of Continuous

作　　者：张本强[1] 张杨[1] 李锡坤 冯俊喜[1] 李强 王英旗[1] 周传哲[1] 熊莹[1] 王树键[1] ZHANG Ben-qiang;ZHANG Yang;LI Xi-kun(Shandong Tobacco Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Jinan,Shandong 250014)

机构地区：[1]山东中烟工业有限责任公司,山东济南250014

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第3期154-157,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目““泰山”品牌导向型高端原料生产模式构建与示范”(202101001)。

摘　　要：[目的]解决烤烟生长连作障碍。[方法]通过2021—2023年生物有机肥定位试验,研究连续3年生物有机肥施用对连作植烟土壤养分及微生多样性的影响。[结果]连作种植下连续3年施用生物有机肥的植烟土壤pH及有机质呈上升趋势,碱解氮含量降低,有效磷及速效钾含量保持稳定。MiSeq高通量测序技术对植烟土壤细菌16S DNA V3~V4区域及真菌ITS ITS1的检测结果显示,连作种植下随着生物有机肥施用年限的增加,植烟土壤中的细菌及真菌OTUs数目、Chao1指数、香浓指数及物种数目呈增加趋势。在门水平上,连作植烟土壤酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)丰富度随着生物有机肥施用年限的增加而增加,而拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度减少;植烟土壤生物有机肥施用1年,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)丰富度最高,连续施用2年担子菌门(Basidiomycota)丰富度最高。[结论]生物有机肥能够降低连作植烟土壤酸化状况,提高土壤有机质含量,增加土壤微生物多样性,对稳定土壤速效养分具有一定的作用,为解决烟区连作障碍提供一定的理论依据。[Objective]To solve the continuous cropping obstacles of flue-cured tobacco.[Method]Through the positioning test of biological organic fertilizer from 2021 to 2023,the effects of biological organic fertilizer application on soil nutrients and microbial diversity of continuous cropping tobacco were studied.[Result]The pH and organic matter of continuous cropping tobacco planting soil increased,the content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen decreased,and the content of available phosphorus and available potassium remained stable when biological organic fertilizer was applied continuously for 3 years.The detection results of bacterial 16S DNA V3-V4 region and fungal ITS ITS1 in tobacco planting soil by MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology showed that the number of bacterial and fungal OTUs,Chao1 index,aroma index and species in tobacco planting soil increased with the increase of the application years of biological organic fertilizer under continuous cropping.At the phylum level,the abundance of Acidobacteria increased with the application of biological organic fertilizer,while the abundance of Bacteroidetes decreased;the richness of Ascomycota was the highest when the bio-organic fertilizer was applied for one year,and that of Basidiomycota was the highest when the bio-organic fertilizer was continuously applied for two years.[Conclusion]Bio-organic fertilizer can reduce soil acidification,increase soil organic matter content,increase soil microbial diversity,play a certain role in stabilizing soil available nutrients,and provide a certain theoretical basis for solving continuous cropping obstacles under continuous cropping in tobacco areas.

关 键 词：生物有机肥 连作 植烟土壤 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]